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{{short description|U.S. Department that regulates the workers' rights and labor markets}}
{{Infobox Government agency
|agency_name = United States Department of Labor
|logo = Flag of the United States Department of Labor.png
|logo_width = 175
|logo_caption = Flag of the U.S. Department of Labor
|seal = USDOL Seal circa 2015.svg
|seal_width = 175
|seal_caption = Seal of the U.S. Department of Labor
|picture = Frances Perkins Building.JPG{{!}}border
|picture_caption = The [[Frances Perkins Building]], which serves as the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Labor
|formed = {{Start date and age|1913|3|4}}<ref name="labor history">{{cite web |title= Chapter 1: Start-up of the Department and World War I, 1913-1921 |url= http://www.dol.gov/oasam/programs/history/dolchp01.htm |work=History of the Department of Labor|accessdate=February 4, 2013}}</ref>
|headquarters = [[Frances Perkins Building]]<br/>200 [[Constitution Avenue]] [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.|NW]]<br/>[[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
|coordinates = {{coord|38|53|33.13|N|77|0|51.94|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
|region_code = US-DC
|employees = 17,450 (2014)
|budget = $12.1 billion (FY 2012)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dol.gov/dol/budget/2014/PDF/FY2014BIB.pdf|work=U.S. Department of Labor|year=2014|publisher=U.S. federal government|title=FY 2014 Department of Labor Budget in Brief}}</ref>
|chief1_name = [[Alexander Acosta]]
|chief1_position = [[United States Secretary of Labor|Secretary]]
|chief2_name = [[Patrick Pizzella]]
|chief2_position = [[United States Deputy Secretary of Labor|Deputy Secretary]]
|website = {{url|www.dol.gov}}
}}
The '''United States Department of Labor''' ('''DOL''') is a [[Cabinet of the United States|cabinet-level]] department of the [[federal government of the United States|U.S. federal government]] responsible for [[occupational safety]], wage and hour standards, [[unemployment benefits|unemployment insurance benefits]], reemployment services, and some [[economic statistics]]; many [[U.S. state]]s also have such departments. The department is headed by the [[United States Secretary of Labor|U.S. Secretary of Labor]].

The purpose of the Department of Labor is to foster, promote, and develop the wellbeing of the wage earners,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Weichelt|first=Bryan|last2=Yoder|first2=Aaron|last3=Bendixsen|first3=Casper|last4=Pilz|first4=Matthew|last5=Minor|first5=Gerald|last6=Keifer|first6=Matthew|date=2018-07-03|title=Augmented Reality Farm MAPPER Development: Lessons Learned from an App Designed to Improve Rural Emergency Response|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2018.1470051|journal=Journal of Agromedicine|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=284–296|doi=10.1080/1059924x.2018.1470051|issn=1059-924X}}</ref> job seekers, and [[retiree]]s of the United States; improve working conditions; advance opportunities for profitable employment; and assure work-related benefits and rights. In carrying out this mission, the Department of Labor administers and enforces more than 180 federal laws and thousands of federal regulations. These mandates and the regulations that implement them cover many workplace activities for about 10 million employers and 125 million workers.

The department's headquarters is housed in the [[Frances Perkins Building]], named in honor of [[Frances Perkins]], the Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945.

==History==
[[File:Flag of the United States Department of Labor (1915-1960).svg|thumb|right|The former flag of the U.S. Department of Labor, used from 1914 to 1960.]]

In 1884 the [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] first established a [[Bureau of Labor Statistics]] with the Bureau of Labor Act,<ref>[[Bureau of Labor Statistics]]</ref> to collect information about labor and employment. This bureau was under the [[United States Department of the Interior|Department of the Interior]]. The Bureau started collecting economic data in 1884, and published their first report in 1886.<ref>[http://www.bls.gov/bls/history/commissioners/wright.htm Bls.gov]</ref> Later,{{when|date=July 2018}} the Bureau of Labor became an independent Department of Labor, but lacked executive rank.

In February 1903, it became a bureau again when the [[United States Department of Commerce and Labor|Department of Commerce and Labor]] was established. United States President [[William Howard Taft]] signed the March 4, 1913 bill (the last day of his presidency), establishing the Department of Labor as a cabinet-level department. [[William Bauchop Wilson|William B. Wilson]] was appointed as the first Secretary of Labor on March 5, 1913, by President Wilson.<ref>[[William Bauchop Wilson]]</ref> In October 1919, Secretary Wilson chaired the first meeting of the [[International Labour Organization]] even though the U.S. was not yet a member.<ref>[http://www.iga.ucdavis.edu/Research/All-UC/conferences/2006-fall/Jensen.pdf Iga.ucdavis.edu]</ref>

In September 1916, the [[Federal Employees' Compensation Act]] introduced benefits to workers who are injured or contract illnesses in the workplace. The act established an agency responsible for federal workers’ compensation, which was transferred to the Labor Department in the 1940s and has become known as the [[Office of Workers' Compensation Programs]].<ref>[http://www.bls.gov/mlr/1991/09/art1full.pdf Bls.gov]</ref>

[[Frances Perkins]], the first female cabinet member, was appointed to be Secretary of Labor by President Roosevelt on March 4, 1933. Perkins served for 12 years, and became the longest-serving Secretary of Labor.

During the [[John F. Kennedy Administration]], planning was undertaken to consolidate most of the department's offices, then scattered around more than 20 locations. in the mid‑1960s construction on the "New Labor Building" began and finished in 1975. In 1980 it was named in honor of Frances Perkins.

[[President of the United States|President]] [[Lyndon Johnson]] asked Congress to consider the idea of reuniting Commerce and Labor.{{Citation needed|date=December 2007}} He argued that the two departments had similar goals and that they would have more efficient channels of communication in a single department. However, Congress never acted on it.

In the 1970s, following the [[civil rights movement]], the Labor Department under Secretary [[George P. Shultz]] made a concerted effort to promote racial diversity in [[Labor unions in the United States|unions]].<ref name="'70s 243">{{cite book |title= How We Got Here: The '70s|last= Frum|first= David|authorlink= David Frum|coauthors= |year= 2000|publisher= Basic Books|location= New York, New York|isbn= 0-465-04195-7|page= 243|pages= |url= }}</ref>

In 1978, the Department of Labor created the [[Philip Arnow|Philip Arnow Award]], intended to recognize outstanding career employees such as the [[eponymous]] Philip Arnow.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=DIRECTIVES&p_id=1495|title=PER 00-00-001 - ADM 2.1 - Employee Recognition Program {{!}} Occupational Safety and Health Administration|website=www.osha.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2017-03-17}}</ref>

During 2010 a local of the [[American Federation of Government Employees]] stated their unhappiness that a longstanding [[flextime]] program reduced under the [[George W. Bush administration]] had not been restored under the [[Obama administration]].<ref name="wapo-local">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/22/AR2010042205756.html | title=AFGE pushes for flextime at Labor Department | author=Kamen, Al | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=2010-04-23 | accessdate=2010-04-26}}</ref> Department officials said the program was modern and fair and that it was part of ongoing contract negotiations with the local.<ref name="wapo-local"/>
In August 2010, the [[Partnership for Public Service]] ranked the Department of Labor 23rd out of 31 large agencies in its annual "Best Places to Work in the Federal Government" list.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bestplacestowork.org/BPTW/rankings/overall/large | title=Best Places to Work > Overall Index Scores | publisher=[[Partnership for Public Service]] | year=2010 | accessdate=2010-09-01}}</ref>
In December 2010, then-Department of Labor Secretary [[Hilda Solis]] was named the Chair of the [[United States Interagency Council on Homelessness|U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness]],<ref>[http://www.usich.gov/about_us/ About USICH | United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH)]. Usich.gov (1987-07-22). Retrieved on 2013-08-12.</ref> of which Labor has been a member since its beginnings in 1987.

In July 2011, the department was rocked by the resignation of [[Ray Jefferson]], Assistant Secretary for [[Veterans' Employment and Training Service|VETS]], in a contracting scandal.<ref>[http://www.allgov.com/Appointments_and_Resignations/ViewNews/Labor_Official_Resigns_Following_Corruption_Investigation__Who_is_Raymond_Jefferson_110730 All.gov]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/raymond-jefferson-leaves-labor-department-after-ethics-finding/2011/07/29/gIQA3gdwf_story.html |title=Raymond Jefferson leaves Labor Department after ethics finding |publisher=The Washington Post |date=2012-07-25 |accessdate=2014-02-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/political-fix/article_94746384-b932-11e0-b6a3-001a4bcf6878.html |title=McCaskill criticizes Labor Department contracting 'boondoggle' : News |publisher=Stltoday.com |date=2011-07-28 |accessdate=2014-02-07}}</ref>

In March 2013, the department began commemorating its centennial.<ref>[http://www.dol.gov/100/ United States Department of Labor]. Dol.gov. Retrieved on 2013-08-12.</ref>

In July 2013, Tom Perez was appointed as Secretary of Labor. According to remarks by Perez at his swearing-in ceremony, "Boiled down to its essence, the Department of Labor is the department of opportunity."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dol.gov/_sec/media/speeches/20130904_Perez.htm | title=Remarks By Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez, Swearing-In Ceremony | publisher=United States Department of Labor | year=2013 | accessdate=2014-08-08}}</ref>

==Freedom of Information Act processing performance==
In the latest [[Center for Effective Government]] analysis of 15 federal agencies which receive the most [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)]] (FOIA) requests, published in 2015 (using 2012 and 2013 data, the most recent years available), the Labor Department earned a D by scoring 63 out of a possible 100 points, i.e. did not earn a satisfactory overall grade.<ref>[http://www.foreffectivegov.org/access-to-information-scorecard-2015/ Making the Grade: Access to Information Scorecard 2015] March 2015, 80 pages, [[Center for Effective Government]], retrieved 21 March 2016</ref>

==Agencies, boards, offices, programs, library and corporation of the department==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-1-of-2}}
* [[Administrative Review Board (Labor)|Administrative Review Board]] (ARB)
* [[Benefits Review Board]] (BRB)
* [[Bureau of International Labor Affairs]] (ILAB)
* [[Bureau of Labor Statistics]] (BLS)
* Center for Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships (CFBNP)
* [[Employee Benefits Security Administration]] (EBSA)
* [[Employees' Compensation Appeals Board]] (ECAB)
* Ombudsman for the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program (EEOMBD)
* [[Employment and Training Administration]] (ETA)
* [[Mine Safety and Health Administration]] (MSHA)
* [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]] (OSHA)
* [[OFCCP|Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs]] (OFCCP)
* [[Office of Inspector General]] (OIG)
* [[The Office of Labor-Management Standards|Office of Labor-Management Standards]] (OLMS)
* [[Office of Workers' Compensation Programs]] (OWCP)
* [[Veterans' Employment and Training Service]] (VETS)
* [[Wage and Hour Division]] (WHD)
* [[United States Women's Bureau|Women's Bureau]] (WB)
*[[Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation]]
**PBGC Office of the Inspector General
{{col-2-of-2}}

* [[Office of Administrative Law Judges]] (OALJ)
* [[Office of Congressional & Intergovernmental Affairs]] (OCIA)
* [[Office of the Assistant Secretary for Administration and Management]] (OASAM)
* [[Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy]] (OASP)
* [[Office of the Chief Financial Officer]] (OCFO)
* [[Office of the Chief Information Officer]] (OCIO)
* Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP)
* [[Office of Public Engagement]] (OPE)
* [[Office of the Solicitor]] (SOL)
* [[Office of the Secretary]] (OSEC)

===Other===

* [[Wirtz Labor Library]]
* [[Job Corps]]

{{col-end}}

== Related legislation ==
{{Div col|colwidth=}}
* 1926: [[Railway Labor Act]]
* 1949: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 81-393
* 1953: [[Small Business Administration|Small Business Act]] PL 83-163
* 1954: [[Internal Revenue Code]] PL 83-591
* 1955: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 84-381
* 1958: [[Small Business Administration extension]] PL 85-536
* 1961: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 87-30
* 1961: [[Area Redevelopment Act]] PL 87-27
* 1962: [[Manpower Development and Training Act]] PL 87-415
* 1962: [[Public Welfare Amendments]] PL 87-543
* 1963: [[Amendments to National Defense Education Act]] PL 88-210
* 1964: [[Economic Opportunity Act]] PL 88-452
* 1965: [[Vocational Rehabilitation Act]] amended PL 89-333
* 1965: [[Executive Order 11246]]
* 1965: [[McNamara-O'Hara Service Contract Act]]
* 1966: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 89-601
* 1970: [[Occupational Safety and Health Act]]
* 1973: [[Comprehensive Employment and Training Act]] PL 93-203
* 1973: Section 503 of the [[Rehabilitation Act]] PL 93-112
* 1974: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 93-259
* 1974: [[Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act]] PL 92-540
* 1974: [[Employee Retirement Income Security Act]] of 1974 (ERISA) Pub.L. 93-406
* 1975: [[Revenue Adjustment Act]] ([[Earned Income Tax Credit]]) PL 94-12, 164
* 1976: Overhaul of [[vocational education]] programs PL 94-482
* 1976: [[Social Security Act Amendments]] (Aid to [[Day Care Center]]s) PL 94-401
* 1977: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 95-151
* 1977: [[Federal Mine Safety Act|Federal Mine Safety and Health Act]]
* 1978: [[Full Employment and Balanced Growth Act]] PL 95-523
* 1981: [[Budget Reconciliation Act]] PL 97-35
* 1982: [[Job Training Partnership Act]] PL 97-300
* 1983: [[Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers Protection Act]] PL 99-603
* 1988: [[Family Support Act]] PL 100-485
* 1988: [[Employee Polygraph Protection Act]]
* 1989: [[Fair Labor Standards Amendment]] PL 101-157
* 1990: [[Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act]] PL 101-508
* 1993: [[Family and Medical Leave Act]] PL 103-3
* 1993: [[Omnibus Budget Reconciliation and Bankruptcy Act]] PL 103-66
* 1996: [[Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996]] PL 104-188
* 1996: [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act]] PL 104-193
* 1996: [[Veterans Employment Opportunities Act]] PL 105-339
* 1998: [[Workforce Investment Act of 1998]]
* 2014: [[Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act]]
{{Div col end}}

== See also ==
*[[Title 20 of the Code of Federal Regulations]]
*[[Equal Employment Opportunity Commission]]
*[[National Labor Relations Board]]
*[[Occupational Information Network]] ([[Holland Codes]])
*[[Ticket to Work]]
*[[USA.gov]]
*[[USAFacts]]

== Notes and references ==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|first=John|last=Lombardi|title=Labor's Voice in the Cabinet: A History of the Department of Labor from Its Origins to 1921|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1942}}

== External links ==
{{Sisterlinks|s=Author:United States Department of Labor|v=no|b=no|wikt=no}}
* {{official website}}
* [https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/labor-department U.S. Department of Labor] in the [[Federal Register]]

{{United States Department of Labor}}
{{United States federal executive departments}}
{{Portal bar|Government of the United States}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Department Of Labor}}
[[Category:1913 establishments in Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1913]]
[[Category:United States Department of Labor| ]]
[[Category:United States federal executive departments|Labor]]

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