Changes
→1927 arrest at KKK march: generalizing section title
{{about|the real estate developer|his father|Frederick Trump}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Frederick Trump
| image = Fred Trump.png
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name = Frederick Christ Trump
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|10|11}}
| birth_place = [[New York City]], New York, U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1999|6|25|1905|10|11}}
| death_place = [[New Hyde Park, New York]], U.S.
| resting_place = Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery, New York City, U.S.
| nationality = American
| education = [[Richmond Hill High School (Queens)|Richmond Hill High School]]
| occupation = [[Real estate developer]]<br>[[The Trump Organization|Elizabeth Trump & Son Co.]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Mary Anne MacLeod Trump|Mary Anne MacLeod]]|January 1936}}
| net_worth = [[US$]]250–300 million (June 1999)<!--No increase/decrease symbol-->
| children = {{hlist|[[Maryanne Trump Barry|Maryanne]]|Frederick Jr.|Elizabeth|[[Donald Trump|Donald]]|[[Robert Trump|Robert]]}}
| parents = [[Frederick Trump]]<br>[[Elizabeth Christ Trump]]
| relatives = ''See [[Trump family]]''
}}
'''Frederick Christ Trump''' (October 11, 1905 – June 25, 1999) was an American real estate developer, primarily in New York City, and father of [[Donald Trump]], the 45th [[President of the United States]], and [[Maryanne Trump Barry]], a [[United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit|United States Court of Appeals]] judge.
Fred Trump's father [[Frederick Trump|Frederick]] died when Fred was 12 years old. By 15, in partnership with his mother [[Elizabeth Christ Trump]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebillfold.com/if-you-think-trumps-money-comes-from-his-dad-you-re-only-half-right-7b2a787ba82c|title=If you think Trump's money comes from his dad, you're only half right |work= TheBillFold|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> and non-family investors, Trump had begun a career in home construction and sales. The development company was incorporated as Elizabeth Trump & Son in 1927, and grew to build and manage single-family houses in [[Queens]], barracks and garden apartments for [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] personnel near major [[shipyard]]s along the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]], and more than 27,000 apartments in [[New York City]].{{sfn|Blair|2015|pages=121, 156}}<ref name=nyt/>
Trump was investigated by a [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] committee for [[Profiteering (business)|profiteering]] in 1954.<ref name="unbelievable" >{{cite journal|author=Moyer, Justin William|date=January 22, 2016|title=The Unbelievable Story of Why Woody Guthrie Hated Donald Trump's Dad|journal=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/01/22/the-unbelievable-story-of-why-woody-guthrie-hated-donald-trumps-racist-dad/|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> He made Donald the president of [[The Trump Organization|Trump Management Company]] in 1971,{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=23}} and they were sued by the [[United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division|U.S. Justice Department's Civil Rights Division]] for violating the [[Fair Housing Act]] in 1973.<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123>{{cite journal|authors=Kranish, Michael & O'Harrow Jr., Robert|date=January 23, 2016|title=Inside the Government's Racial Bias Case Against Donald Trump's Company, and How He Fought It|series=|journal=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-the-governments-racial-bias-case-against-donald-trumps-company-and-how-he-fought-it/2016/01/23/fb90163e-bfbe-11e5-bcda-62a36b394160_story.html|access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
==Early life==
{{See also|Trump family}}
[[File:Friedrich Trump Family (retouched).jpg|thumb|[[Trump family]] portrait, 1915; L to R: Fred, his father [[Frederick Trump|Frederick]], sister Elizabeth, mother [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth]], and brother [[John G. Trump|John]]]]
[[Frederick Trump|Frederick, Sr.]] had become rich during his exploits in the [[Klondike Gold Rush]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swp.de/ulm/nachrichten/vermischtes/trumps-grossvater-war-ein-gluecksritter-aus-der-pfalz-13596007.html|title=Trump's Großvater war ein Glücksritter aus der Pfalz|website=Südwestpresse|date=9 August 2016|accessdate=August 25, 2018}}</ref> and visited his home of [[Kallstadt]], where he met [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth Christ]], the daughter of a former neighbor.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=94}} Back in [[New York City]], they moved to the German-speaking [[Morrisania, Bronx|Morrisania]] neighborhood of [[the Bronx]], but Elizabeth didn't like it, so they returned to [[Kingdom of Bavaria|Bavaria]]. They attempted to immigrate, but could not due to Frederick's having fled mandatory military service years earlier.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/letter-donald-trumps-grandfather-wrote-pleading-to-stay-in-germany-surfaces-1479746306|title=Letter Donald Trump's Grandfather Wrote Pleading to Stay in Germany Surfaces|website=The Wall Street Journal|date=November 21, 2016|accessdate=August 25, 2018}}</ref>
They conceived their first son, and returned to New York upon the [[SS Pennsylvania (1896)|SS ''Pennsylvania'']] on July 1, 1905. Frederick Christ Trump was born in the Bronx on October 11, 1905.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=110}} Trump was one of three children of [[Germans|German]] [[Lutheran]] immigrants [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth]] (née Christ) and [[Frederick Trump]]. He had a younger brother [[John G. Trump|John]] and an older sister Elizabeth Trump Walters (1904–1961).
Soon after Fred's birth, the family moved to [[Woodhaven, Queens]]. When he was 12 years old, his father died during the [[Spanish flu|1918 flu pandemic]].<ref name=nyt/> From 1918 to 1923, he attended [[Richmond Hill High School (Queens)|Richmond Hill High School]] in Queens.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=117}}
==Family trade==
Trump became a carpenter and took classes in reading blueprints.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire">{{cite journal|author=Snyder, Gerald S.|date=July 26, 1964|title=Millionaire Calls Work His Hobby|journal=[[The Bridgeport Post]]|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7174250/the_bridgeport_post/|page=65|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Two years after his graduation, he finished his first house, and since he was still under age, his mother formed ''Elizabeth Trump & Son'' and officially headed it until he was 21. In 1926, he had already built 20 homes in Queens.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=120–122}} By the {{nowrap|mid-1930s}}, in the middle of the [[Great Depression]], he helped pioneer the concept of supermarkets with the Trump Market in Woodhaven, which advertised "Serve Yourself and Save!", becoming an instant hit. After a year, Trump sold it to the [[King Kullen]] supermarket chain.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire"/>
==1927 arrest==
On [[Memorial Day]] in 1927, the [[Ku Klux Klan]] marched in [[Queens]] to protest Protestant American citizens being "assaulted by Roman Catholic police of New York City."<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news|author=Bump, Philip|date=February 29, 2016|title=In 1927, Donald Trump's Father Was Arrested After a Klan Riot in Queens|publisher=[[The Washington Post]]|work=The Fix|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/02/28/in-1927-donald-trumps-father-was-arrested-after-a-klan-riot-in-queens/|access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> Fred was arrested "on a charge of refusing to disperse from a parade when ordered to do so," and the only one of seven men dismissed without charges.<ref name="vice.com">{{cite journal|author=Pearl, Mike|date=March 10, 2016|title=All the Evidence We Could Find About Fred Trump's Alleged Involvement with the KKK|series=The Vice Guide to the 2016 Election|journal=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|url=https://www.vice.com/read/all-the-evidence-we-could-find-about-fred-trumps-alleged-involvement-with-the-kkk|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name="boingboing.net">{{cite web|last=Blum|first=Matt|date=September 9, 2015|title=1927 news report: Donald Trump's dad arrested in KKK brawl with cops|journal=[[Boing Boing]]|url=https://boingboing.net/2015/09/09/1927-news-report-donald-trump.html|access-date = January 28, 2018}}</ref> All seven arrested were referred to as "berobed marchers" in the ''Long Island Daily Press''. A ''[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]'' article noted that if any of the attendees weren't "dressed in a robe at the time, that may have been a reporting error worth correcting."<ref name="vice.com"/> When asked about the issue in September 2015, [[Donald Trump]], then a candidate for [[President of the United States]], denied that his father had ever been arrested.<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Horowitz|first=Jason|date=September 22, 2015|title=First Draft: In Interview, Donald Trump Denies Report of Father's Arrest in 1927|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/09/22/in-interview-donald-trump-denies-report-of-fathers-arrest-in-1927/|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref>
[[File:FredTrump1940.jpg|thumb|170px|Fred C. Trump in the ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'', 1940]]
==Personal life==
Fred's future wife [[Mary Anne MacLeod Trump|Mary Anne MacLeod]] emigrated from [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]] on the [[RMS Transylvania (1926)|RMS ''Transylvania'']] in November 1929.<ref name="nyer">{{cite web|last1=Pilon|first1=Mary|title=Donald Trump's Immigrant Mother|url=http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/donald-trumps-immigrant-mother|website=The New Yorker|accessdate=February 12, 2017|date=June 24, 2016}}</ref> She stated her occupation as "domestic" or "maid" on ship manifests and the 1930 census.<ref name="nyer"/> She obtained a "re-entry permit" to the U.S.—only granted to "lawful, permanent residents" intending to stay and gain citizenship<ref name = mary1>{{cite journal|author=Hannah, Martin|date = May 21, 2016|title=The Mysterious Mary Trump: The Full Untold Story of How a Young Scotswoman Escaped to New York and Raised a US Presidential Candidate|journal=[[The National (Scotland)]]|url=http://www.thenational.scot/news/the-mysterious-mary-trump-the-full-untold-story-of-how-a-young-scotswoman-escaped-to-new-york-and-raised-a-us-presidential-candidate.17824|access-date = October 4, 2018}}</ref><ref name = mary2>{{cite journal|author=Hannah, Martin|date=May 21, 2016|title=An Inconvenient Truth? Donald Trump's Scottish Mother Was a Low-Earning Migrant|journal=[[The National (Scotland)]]|url=http://www.thenational.scot/news/an-inconvenient-truth-donald-trumps-scottish-mother-was-a-low-earning-migrant.17822|accessdate=October 4, 2018}}</ref>—and returned to Scotland on the [[SS Cameronia (1919)|SS ''Cameronia'']] on September 12, 1934.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biographytree.com/biography/biography-mary-anne-macleod-trumpmother-donald-trump/|title=Mary Anne Macleod Trump Biography; Mother of Donald Trump|website=BiographyTree|date=September 30, 2016|accessdate=August 20, 2018}}</ref>
Trump, a [[Lutheran]], married Mary, a [[Presbyterian]], in January 1936 at the [[Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church]] with [[George Arthur Buttrick]] officiating.<ref name=marymac3>{{Cite news |last = Hannan |first = Martin |url = http://www.thenational.scot/news/14903147.An_inconvenient_truth__Donald_Trump_s_Scottish_mother_was_a_low_earning_migrant/ |title = An inconvenient truth? Donald Trump's Scottish mother was a low-earning migrant |date = May 20, 2016 |work = [[The National (Scotland)|The National]] |access-date = November 19, 2016 }}</ref>
A wedding reception with 25 guests was held at the [[Carlyle Hotel]] in [[Manhattan]]. Fred and Mary Trump settled in [[Jamaica, Queens]],<ref name="nyer"/> and had five children.<ref name = ChabbaIBT161115>{{cite journal | last = Chabba | first = Seerat | date = November 15, 2016 | title=Who Are Donald Trump's Siblings? What You Need To Know About Maryanne, Freddy, Elizabeth And Robert Trump | journal = [[International Business Times]] | via = IBTimes.com | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/who-are-donald-trumps-siblings-what-you-need-know-about-maryanne-freddy-elizabeth-2446302 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name = genealogy.about.com>{{cite web| author = Powell, Kimberly | date = March 2, 2016 | url=http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm|title=Donald Trump's German and Scottish Family Tree|website=About.com|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> They are or were: [[Maryanne Trump Barry]] (born 1937), a federal appeals court judge; Frederick Christ "Freddy" Trump Jr. (1938–1981), an airline pilot with [[Trans World Airlines]];<ref name = HorowitzNYT160102>{{cite journal | author = Horowitz, Jason | date = January 2, 2016 | title=For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/03/us/politics/for-donald-trump-lessons-from-a-brothers-suffering.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> Elizabeth Trump Grau (born 1942), an executive at [[Chase Bank#Merger as Chase Manhattan Bank|Chase Manhattan Bank]];<ref>{{cite news|title=Meet the Trumps: The family tree of Donald Trump|newspaper=MSN News|date=May 8, 2018|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/photos/meet-the-trumps-the-family-tree-of-president-elect-donald-trump/ss-AAkkfXe#image=15|accessdate=May 28, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Trump sister sells oceanfront Westhampton Beach home for $3.8M|newspaper=Newsday|first=Michael|last=Gavin|date=June 23, 2017|url=https://www.newsday.com/classifieds/real-estate/trump-sister-sells-oceanfront-westhampton-beach-home-for-3-8m-1.13759122|accessdate=May 28, 2018}}</ref> [[Donald Trump]] (born 1946), businessman, television personality and 45th [[President of the United States]];<ref>{{cite journal | author = Flegenheimer, Matt & Barbaro, Michael | date = November 9, 2016 | title=Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/09/us/politics/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-president.html | access-date = January 30, 2017}}</ref> and Robert Trump (born 1948), a top executive of his father's property management company.<ref name = ChabbaIBT161115/> Freddy Trump Jr. predeceased his parents, dying at 42 of complications associated with [[alcoholism]].<ref name = HorowitzNYT160102/><ref>{{cite journal | author = McAfee, Tierney | date = October 8, 2015 | title=Donald Trump Opens Up About His Brother's Death from Alcoholism: It Had a 'Profound Impact on My Life' | journal = [[People (magazine)|People]] | url=http://www.people.com/article/donald-trump-brother-fred-death-alcoholism | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
Although both of his parents were German,{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=110}} for decades after [[World War II]] Trump told friends that his family was of Swedish origin. According to his nephew John Walter, "He had a lot of Jewish tenants and it wasn't a good thing to be German in those days."<ref name=nyt>{{cite journal | author = Rozhon, Tracie | date = June 26, 1999 | title=Fred C. Trump, Postwar Master Builder of Housing for Middle Class, Dies at 93 | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/26/nyregion/fred-c-trump-postwar-master-builder-of-housing-for-middle-class-dies-at-93.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
==Career==
[[File:FredTrump1950-02.png|thumb|190px|A later portrait in the ''Brooklyn Eagle'', February 1950]]
During World War II, Trump built barracks and garden apartments for [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] personnel near major [[shipyard]]s along the East Coast, including [[Chester, Pennsylvania]], [[Newport News, Virginia]], and [[Norfolk, Virginia]]. After the war he expanded into middle-income housing for the families of returning veterans, building Shore Haven in [[Bensonhurst]] in 1949, and Beach Haven near [[Coney Island]] in 1950 (a total of 2,700 apartments). In 1963–1964, he built [[Trump Village]], an apartment complex in [[Coney Island]], for $70 million.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire"/> He built more than 27,000 [[affordable housing|low-income apartments]] and [[Terraced house|row houses]] in Coney Island, Bensonhurst, [[Sheepshead Bay]], [[Flatbush, Brooklyn|Flatbush]], and [[Brighton Beach]] in [[Brooklyn]], and [[Flushing, Queens|Flushing]] and [[Jamaica Estates]] in Queens.<ref name=nyt/>
Folk icon [[Woody Guthrie]] was a tenant in one of Trump's apartment complexes in Brooklyn in 1950, and criticized him as a landlord.<ref name="unbelievable"/> He wrote lyrics accusing him of stirring up [[Hate crime|racial hate]] "in the bloodpot of human hearts".<ref name="nytguthrie">{{cite news| last=Kaplan |first=Thomas | date = January 25, 2016 | title=Woody Guthrie Wrote of His Contempt for His Landlord, Donald Trump's Father | work = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2016/01/25/woody-guthrie-sang-of-his-contempt-for-his-landlord-donald-trumps-father/ | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
===Profiteering investigation===
In 1954, Trump was investigated by a [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|U.S. Senate committee]] for profiteering from public contracts, including overstating his Beach Haven building charges by $3.7 million.<ref name="unbelievable"/> In testimony before the Senate Banking Committee in 1954, William F. McKenna, appointed to investigate "scandals" within the [[Federal Housing Administration|FHA]], cited Fred C. Trump and his partner William Tomasello as examples of how profits were made by builders using the FHA.<ref name=FHA>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-stat/graphics/politics/trump-archive/docs/fha-investigation-1954-part-1.pdf|title=Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency|publisher=United States Senate: Eighty-Third Congress|website=The Washington Post|date=July 20, 1954|accessdate=August 19, 2018}}</ref>{{rp|409}} McKenna said the two paid $34,200 for a piece of land which they rented to their corporation for $76,960 per year in a 99-year lease, so that if the apartment they built on it ever defaulted, the FHA would owe them $1.924 million. McKenna said that Trump and Tomasello obtained loans for $3.5 million more than the apartments cost.<ref name=FHA/>{{rp|58}} The following month, Trump testified before the Senate Banking Committee that due to rising costs, he would have had to invest more than the 10% of the [[mortgage loan|loan]] not provided by the FHA, and therefore suffer a loss if he built under those conditions.<ref name=FHA/>{{rp|414–5}}
===Son becomes president===
Fred's son [[Donald Trump]] joined [[The Trump Organization|Trump Management Company]] around 1968, and rose to become company president in 1971. Donald Trump claimed to receive a loan from his father in the mid-1970s of $1 million (documented as numerous loans exceeding $14 million).<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal | author = Berzon, Alexandra & Rubin, Richard | date = September 23, 2016 | title=Trump's Father Helped GOP Candidate With Numerous Loans | journal = [[The Wall Street Journal]] | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trumps-father-helped-gop-candidate-with-numerous-loans-1474656573 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> This allowed Donald to enter the real estate business in [[Manhattan]], while his father stuck to Brooklyn and Queens.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Glum, Julia | date = September 26, 2016 | title=How Much Money Did Trump Get From His Dad? The Small Loan Controversy Explained| journal = [[International Business Times]] | via = IBTimes.com | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/how-much-money-did-trump-get-his-dad-small-loan-controversy-explained-2422185 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> "It was good for me," Donald later commented. "You know, being the son of somebody, it could have been competition to me. This way, I got Manhattan all to myself."<ref name=nyt/>
===Civil rights suit===
[[File:Trump Village.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Trump Village]] in Brooklyn, built by Fred Trump in 1963–1964]]
Minority applicants turned away from renting apartments complained to the New York City [[Commission on Human Rights]] and the [[National Urban League|Urban League]], leading the League and other groups to send test applicants to Trump-owned complexes in July 1972. They concluded that whites were offered apartments, while blacks were generally steered away. Both advocacy organizations then raised the issue with the Justice Department.<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/> In October 1973, the [[United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division|Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice]] (DOJ) filed a civil rights suit against the Trump organization (Fred Trump, chair & Donald Trump, president) for "violating the [[Fair Housing Act]] of 1968."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/> In response, Trump attorney [[Roy Cohn]] "portrayed the Trumps as the victims and counter-sued" for $100 million by implicating the DOJ for "falsely accusing them of discrimination."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/>
Court records showed that "four superintendents or rental agents confirmed that applications sent to the Trump organization's central office for acceptance or rejection were coded by race."<ref name = BarrettVV790115>{{cite journal | author = Barrett, Wayne | date = January 15, 1979 | title= Like Father, Like Son: Anatomy of a Young Power Broker | series = |journal = [[The Village Voice]] | url=http://www.villagevoice.com/news/how-a-young-donald-trump-forced-his-way-from-avenue-z-to-manhattan-7380462 | access-date = January 29, 2017}} The original 1979 article is reprinted and appended to the 2015 article by Barrett and Campbell.</ref> A rental agent said Fred Trump had instructed him "not to rent to blacks" and to "decrease the number of black tenants" "by encouraging them to locate housing elsewhere."<ref name = BarrettVV790115/> A [[consent decree]] between the DOJ and the TO was signed on June 10, 1975, with both sides claiming victory—the TO for its perceived ability to continue denying rentals to welfare recipients, and the head of DOJ's housing division for the decree being "one of the most far-reaching ever negotiated."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/><ref name = BarrettVV790115/> It personally and corporately prohibited the Trumps from "discriminating against any person in the ... sale or rental of a dwelling," and "required Trump to advertise vacancies in minority papers, promote minorities to professional jobs, and list vacancies on a preferential basis with the Open Housing Center of the Urban League."<ref name = BarrettVV790115/> Finally, it ordered the Trumps to "thoroughly acquaint themselves personally on a detailed basis with ... the Fair Housing Act of 1968."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/><ref>{{cite court |litigants= United States of America vs. Fred C. Trump and Trump Management, Inc.|court= East District of New York Court |date= October 15, 1973 |url= https://archive.org/stream/DonaldTrumpArchive/Discrimination%20case%20%20US%20v%20Trump%20case%20via%20National%20Archives%20FOIA_djvu.txt |accessdate= October 5, 2018}}</ref>
== Wealth and estate ==
Trump appeared on the initial ''[[Forbes 400]]'' list of richest Americans in 1982 with an estimated $200 million fortune shared with his son Donald.<ref name=wang-20160324>{{cite news |first=Jennifer |last=Wang |title=The Ups And Downs Of Donald Trump: Three Decades On And Off The Forbes 400 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferwang/2016/03/24/the-ups-and-downs-of-donald-trump-three-decades-on-and-off-the-forbes-400/ |work=[[Forbes]] |date=March 24, 2016 |access-date=June 9, 2018}}</ref> In 1976, Trump had set up trust funds of $1 million for each of his five children and three grandchildren (${{Inflation|US|1|1976|r=1}} million in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars), that paid out yearly dividends.<ref name="Kessler160303">{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |title=Trump's false claim he built his empire with a 'small loan' from his father |date=March 3, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/03/03/trumps-false-claim-he-built-his-empire-with-a-small-loan-from-his-father}}</ref> By 1993, the siblings' anticipated shares of Trump's estate amounted to $35 million each.<ref name=OBrien2005Oct>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/23/business/yourmoney/whats-he-really-worth.html |title=What's He Really Worth? |first=Timothy L. |last=O'Brien |access-date=February 25, 2016 |date=October 23, 2005 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="Kessler160303" /> Upon Trump's death in 1999, his will divided $20 million after taxes among his surviving children.<ref name="Kessler160303" /><ref name=Rozhon26June>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/26/nyregion/fred-c-trump-postwar-master-builder-of-housing-for-middle-class-dies-at-93.html |title=Fred C. Trump, Postwar Master Builder of Housing for Middle Class, Dies at 93 |first=Tracy |last=Rozhon |date=June 26, 1999 |access-date=August 19, 2015 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering">{{cite news|last = Horowitz|first = Jason|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/03/us/politics/for-donald-trump-lessons-from-a-brothers-suffering.html| title = For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering|work = The New York Times|date = January 2, 2016|quote = Then came the unveiling of Fred Sr.'s will, which Donald had helped draft. It divided the bulk of the inheritance, at least $20 million, among his children and their descendants, 'other than my son Fred C. Trump Jr.'}}</ref>
In October 2018, ''The New York Times'' published an ''exposé'' drawing on more than 100,000 pages of tax returns and financial records from Trump's businesses, and interviews with former advisers and employees. The ''Times'' concluded that his son Donald "was a millionaire by age 8,"<ref name="takeaways">{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-wealth-fred-trump.html |title=11 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation Into Trump's Wealth |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 2, 2018 |accessdate=October 3, 2018}}</ref> and that he had received $413 million (adjusted for inflation) from Fred's business empire over his lifetime.<ref name="Tax_Schemes">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html |title=Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father |work=[[The New York Times]] |last1=Barstow |first1=David |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |date=October 2, 2018 |accessdate=October 2, 2018}}</ref>
According to the ''Times'', Trump loaned at least $60 million to his son, who largely failed to reimburse him.<ref name="takeaways"/> The paper also described a number of purportedly fraudulent tax schemes, for example when Trump sold shares in ''Trump Palace'' condos to his son well below their purchase price, thus masking what could be considered a hidden donation, and benefiting from a tax write-off.<ref name="Tax_Schemes"/> Donald Trump's lawyer denied the allegations of fraud and tax evasion, while the New York tax department stated they would investigate the issue.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[USA Today]] |first=Jon |last=Campbell |first2=Joseph |last2=Spector |title=New York could levy hefty penalties if Trump tax fraud is proven |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/03/new-york-trump-tax-fraud/1512265002/ |date=October 3, 2018 |access-date=October 5, 2018}}</ref>
==Philanthropy==
[[File:Jewish Charities 1941-12-22.jpg|thumb|Fred Trump (left) and other realtors at a New York and Brooklyn federation Jewish charity dinner.]]
Fred and Mary Trump supported medical charities by donating buildings. After Mary received medical care at the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, they donated the Trump [[Pavilion]].<ref name=nyt/><ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/><ref>Mary's obituary refers to her as being "the mainstay of the Women's Auxiliary of Jamaica Hospital." See NYT Staff, ''[[The New York Times]],'' August 9, 2000.</ref> Community Mainstreaming Associates of Great Neck, "an organization that provides homes for functionally retarded adults," received a two building complex in Brooklyn in a combined gift to the [[National Kidney Foundation]] of New York/New Jersey.<ref name=nyt/><ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/> The Cerebral Palsy Foundation of New York and New Jersey also received a building.<ref name=nyt/> In addition, Fred made charitable contributions to the [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center|Long Island Jewish Hospital]] and the [[Hospital for Special Surgery]] in Manhattan,<ref name=nyt/> and Mary served on the Women's Auxiliary of the Jamaica Day Nursery.<ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/>
Trump supported Jewish and Israeli causes and institutions, including donating the land for the Beach Haven Jewish Center in [[Flatbush, New York]].<ref>{{cite news|author=TJP Staff|date=November 21, 2016|title=Trump Family Donated Bigly to Jewish, Israeli Causes|newspaper=[[The Jewish Press]]|agency=JNi.Media|location=Brooklyn, NY|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/reports-trumps-donated-bigly-to-jewish-causes/2016/11/21|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref> He significantly supported [[Israel Bonds]], debt securities that trade at a risk-adjusted spread to U.S. Treasury bonds issued by the Israeli government.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Haaretz Staff|date=March 25, 2016|title=The Swedish Whopper: Donald Trump's Long-standing Struggle With the Truth|journal=[[Haaretz]]|format=print and online|via=Haaretz.com|url=http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/u-s-election-2016/1.710948|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref> The Trumps were active in [[The Salvation Army]], the [[Boy Scouts of America]] and the Lighthouse for the Blind.<ref name=NYTstaffObit000809/> Fred also supported the [[Kew-Forest School]],<ref name=nyt/> where his children attended and he served on the board of directors.<ref>{{cite book|last=Tuccille|first=Jerome|title=Trump: The Saga of America's Most Powerful Real Estate Baron|date=1985|publisher=Beard Books|isbn=9781587982231|page=38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=50ss1oWeZBAC|accessdate=February 18, 2017|language=en}}</ref>
==Later years and death==
During the 1980s, Fred Trump became friends with future-Prime Minister of Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], who was the Israeli Ambassador to the [[United Nations]] in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Sherman, Gabriel | date = June 1, 2016 | title=Trump Is Considering a Pre-Convention Visit to Israel | journal = New York [magazine] | via = NYMag.com | url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/06/trump-is-considering-pre-convention-israel-visit.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref><!--Start dates of BN's premierships are not relevant to this section's content, and are not in this cited article.-->
The Trumps had a happy, affectionate marriage, remaining together until Fred's death.{{sfn|Blair|2005}} He suffered from [[Alzheimer's disease]] for the last six years of his life,<ref name=nyt/> and finally fell ill with [[pneumonia]] in June 1999. He was admitted to [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center]] in New Hyde Park, where he died at age 93 on June 25.<ref name=NYP>{{cite journal|author=Mosconi, Angela|date=June 26, 1999|title=Fred Trump, Dad of Donald, Dies at 93|journal=[[New York Post]]|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/news/item_2h8RN9H4r2EnuTa5v0ARhK|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Trump's estate was estimated by his family at $250 million to $300 million.<ref name=nyt/> His funeral was held at the [[Marble Collegiate Church]]<ref name=NYP /> and his body is interred at Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery in [[Middle Village, Queens]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Scovell|first=Nell|title=A Visit to Trump's Graveyard|website=Esquire|date=October 11, 2016|url=http://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a49247/search-for-trump-grave/|accessdate=January 20, 2017}}</ref> His widow, Mary, died the following summer, on August 7, 2000, in [[New Hyde Park, New York]], at age 88.<ref name=NYTstaffObit000809>{{cite journal|author=NYT Staff|date=August 9, 2000|title=Mary MacLeod Trump Philanthropist, 88|journal=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/09/nyregion/mary-macleod-trump-philanthropist-88.html|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
===Bibliography===
* {{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uJifCgAAQBAJ&hl=en | title = The Trumps: Three Generations of Builders and a Presidential Candidate | last = Blair | first = Gwenda | authorlink = Gwenda Blair | year = 2015 | publisher = [[Simon & Schuster]] | isbn = 978-1501139369 | location = [[New York City]] | language = en | ref = harv}}
==External links==
* {{Find a Grave|40736522}}
* [http://www.geni.com/people/Fredrick-Trump/6000000007106507456 Fredrick Trump Jr. at geni.com] {{Registration required}}
{{Donald Trump}}
{{Trump family}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trump, Fred}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:American construction businesspeople]]
[[Category:American people of German descent]]
[[Category:American real estate businesspeople]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from New York City]]
[[Category:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease]]
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]]
[[Category:Fathers of Presidents of the United States]]
[[Category:People from Queens, New York]]
[[Category:Trump family|Fred]]
[[Category:American philanthropists]]
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Frederick Trump
| image = Fred Trump.png
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name = Frederick Christ Trump
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|10|11}}
| birth_place = [[New York City]], New York, U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1999|6|25|1905|10|11}}
| death_place = [[New Hyde Park, New York]], U.S.
| resting_place = Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery, New York City, U.S.
| nationality = American
| education = [[Richmond Hill High School (Queens)|Richmond Hill High School]]
| occupation = [[Real estate developer]]<br>[[The Trump Organization|Elizabeth Trump & Son Co.]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Mary Anne MacLeod Trump|Mary Anne MacLeod]]|January 1936}}
| net_worth = [[US$]]250–300 million (June 1999)<!--No increase/decrease symbol-->
| children = {{hlist|[[Maryanne Trump Barry|Maryanne]]|Frederick Jr.|Elizabeth|[[Donald Trump|Donald]]|[[Robert Trump|Robert]]}}
| parents = [[Frederick Trump]]<br>[[Elizabeth Christ Trump]]
| relatives = ''See [[Trump family]]''
}}
'''Frederick Christ Trump''' (October 11, 1905 – June 25, 1999) was an American real estate developer, primarily in New York City, and father of [[Donald Trump]], the 45th [[President of the United States]], and [[Maryanne Trump Barry]], a [[United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit|United States Court of Appeals]] judge.
Fred Trump's father [[Frederick Trump|Frederick]] died when Fred was 12 years old. By 15, in partnership with his mother [[Elizabeth Christ Trump]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebillfold.com/if-you-think-trumps-money-comes-from-his-dad-you-re-only-half-right-7b2a787ba82c|title=If you think Trump's money comes from his dad, you're only half right |work= TheBillFold|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> and non-family investors, Trump had begun a career in home construction and sales. The development company was incorporated as Elizabeth Trump & Son in 1927, and grew to build and manage single-family houses in [[Queens]], barracks and garden apartments for [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] personnel near major [[shipyard]]s along the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]], and more than 27,000 apartments in [[New York City]].{{sfn|Blair|2015|pages=121, 156}}<ref name=nyt/>
Trump was investigated by a [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] committee for [[Profiteering (business)|profiteering]] in 1954.<ref name="unbelievable" >{{cite journal|author=Moyer, Justin William|date=January 22, 2016|title=The Unbelievable Story of Why Woody Guthrie Hated Donald Trump's Dad|journal=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/01/22/the-unbelievable-story-of-why-woody-guthrie-hated-donald-trumps-racist-dad/|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> He made Donald the president of [[The Trump Organization|Trump Management Company]] in 1971,{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=23}} and they were sued by the [[United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division|U.S. Justice Department's Civil Rights Division]] for violating the [[Fair Housing Act]] in 1973.<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123>{{cite journal|authors=Kranish, Michael & O'Harrow Jr., Robert|date=January 23, 2016|title=Inside the Government's Racial Bias Case Against Donald Trump's Company, and How He Fought It|series=|journal=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-the-governments-racial-bias-case-against-donald-trumps-company-and-how-he-fought-it/2016/01/23/fb90163e-bfbe-11e5-bcda-62a36b394160_story.html|access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
==Early life==
{{See also|Trump family}}
[[File:Friedrich Trump Family (retouched).jpg|thumb|[[Trump family]] portrait, 1915; L to R: Fred, his father [[Frederick Trump|Frederick]], sister Elizabeth, mother [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth]], and brother [[John G. Trump|John]]]]
[[Frederick Trump|Frederick, Sr.]] had become rich during his exploits in the [[Klondike Gold Rush]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swp.de/ulm/nachrichten/vermischtes/trumps-grossvater-war-ein-gluecksritter-aus-der-pfalz-13596007.html|title=Trump's Großvater war ein Glücksritter aus der Pfalz|website=Südwestpresse|date=9 August 2016|accessdate=August 25, 2018}}</ref> and visited his home of [[Kallstadt]], where he met [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth Christ]], the daughter of a former neighbor.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=94}} Back in [[New York City]], they moved to the German-speaking [[Morrisania, Bronx|Morrisania]] neighborhood of [[the Bronx]], but Elizabeth didn't like it, so they returned to [[Kingdom of Bavaria|Bavaria]]. They attempted to immigrate, but could not due to Frederick's having fled mandatory military service years earlier.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/letter-donald-trumps-grandfather-wrote-pleading-to-stay-in-germany-surfaces-1479746306|title=Letter Donald Trump's Grandfather Wrote Pleading to Stay in Germany Surfaces|website=The Wall Street Journal|date=November 21, 2016|accessdate=August 25, 2018}}</ref>
They conceived their first son, and returned to New York upon the [[SS Pennsylvania (1896)|SS ''Pennsylvania'']] on July 1, 1905. Frederick Christ Trump was born in the Bronx on October 11, 1905.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=110}} Trump was one of three children of [[Germans|German]] [[Lutheran]] immigrants [[Elizabeth Christ Trump|Elizabeth]] (née Christ) and [[Frederick Trump]]. He had a younger brother [[John G. Trump|John]] and an older sister Elizabeth Trump Walters (1904–1961).
Soon after Fred's birth, the family moved to [[Woodhaven, Queens]]. When he was 12 years old, his father died during the [[Spanish flu|1918 flu pandemic]].<ref name=nyt/> From 1918 to 1923, he attended [[Richmond Hill High School (Queens)|Richmond Hill High School]] in Queens.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=117}}
==Family trade==
Trump became a carpenter and took classes in reading blueprints.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire">{{cite journal|author=Snyder, Gerald S.|date=July 26, 1964|title=Millionaire Calls Work His Hobby|journal=[[The Bridgeport Post]]|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7174250/the_bridgeport_post/|page=65|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Two years after his graduation, he finished his first house, and since he was still under age, his mother formed ''Elizabeth Trump & Son'' and officially headed it until he was 21. In 1926, he had already built 20 homes in Queens.{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=120–122}} By the {{nowrap|mid-1930s}}, in the middle of the [[Great Depression]], he helped pioneer the concept of supermarkets with the Trump Market in Woodhaven, which advertised "Serve Yourself and Save!", becoming an instant hit. After a year, Trump sold it to the [[King Kullen]] supermarket chain.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire"/>
==1927 arrest==
On [[Memorial Day]] in 1927, the [[Ku Klux Klan]] marched in [[Queens]] to protest Protestant American citizens being "assaulted by Roman Catholic police of New York City."<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news|author=Bump, Philip|date=February 29, 2016|title=In 1927, Donald Trump's Father Was Arrested After a Klan Riot in Queens|publisher=[[The Washington Post]]|work=The Fix|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/02/28/in-1927-donald-trumps-father-was-arrested-after-a-klan-riot-in-queens/|access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> Fred was arrested "on a charge of refusing to disperse from a parade when ordered to do so," and the only one of seven men dismissed without charges.<ref name="vice.com">{{cite journal|author=Pearl, Mike|date=March 10, 2016|title=All the Evidence We Could Find About Fred Trump's Alleged Involvement with the KKK|series=The Vice Guide to the 2016 Election|journal=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|url=https://www.vice.com/read/all-the-evidence-we-could-find-about-fred-trumps-alleged-involvement-with-the-kkk|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name="boingboing.net">{{cite web|last=Blum|first=Matt|date=September 9, 2015|title=1927 news report: Donald Trump's dad arrested in KKK brawl with cops|journal=[[Boing Boing]]|url=https://boingboing.net/2015/09/09/1927-news-report-donald-trump.html|access-date = January 28, 2018}}</ref> All seven arrested were referred to as "berobed marchers" in the ''Long Island Daily Press''. A ''[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]'' article noted that if any of the attendees weren't "dressed in a robe at the time, that may have been a reporting error worth correcting."<ref name="vice.com"/> When asked about the issue in September 2015, [[Donald Trump]], then a candidate for [[President of the United States]], denied that his father had ever been arrested.<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Horowitz|first=Jason|date=September 22, 2015|title=First Draft: In Interview, Donald Trump Denies Report of Father's Arrest in 1927|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/09/22/in-interview-donald-trump-denies-report-of-fathers-arrest-in-1927/|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref>
[[File:FredTrump1940.jpg|thumb|170px|Fred C. Trump in the ''[[Brooklyn Eagle]]'', 1940]]
==Personal life==
Fred's future wife [[Mary Anne MacLeod Trump|Mary Anne MacLeod]] emigrated from [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]] on the [[RMS Transylvania (1926)|RMS ''Transylvania'']] in November 1929.<ref name="nyer">{{cite web|last1=Pilon|first1=Mary|title=Donald Trump's Immigrant Mother|url=http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/donald-trumps-immigrant-mother|website=The New Yorker|accessdate=February 12, 2017|date=June 24, 2016}}</ref> She stated her occupation as "domestic" or "maid" on ship manifests and the 1930 census.<ref name="nyer"/> She obtained a "re-entry permit" to the U.S.—only granted to "lawful, permanent residents" intending to stay and gain citizenship<ref name = mary1>{{cite journal|author=Hannah, Martin|date = May 21, 2016|title=The Mysterious Mary Trump: The Full Untold Story of How a Young Scotswoman Escaped to New York and Raised a US Presidential Candidate|journal=[[The National (Scotland)]]|url=http://www.thenational.scot/news/the-mysterious-mary-trump-the-full-untold-story-of-how-a-young-scotswoman-escaped-to-new-york-and-raised-a-us-presidential-candidate.17824|access-date = October 4, 2018}}</ref><ref name = mary2>{{cite journal|author=Hannah, Martin|date=May 21, 2016|title=An Inconvenient Truth? Donald Trump's Scottish Mother Was a Low-Earning Migrant|journal=[[The National (Scotland)]]|url=http://www.thenational.scot/news/an-inconvenient-truth-donald-trumps-scottish-mother-was-a-low-earning-migrant.17822|accessdate=October 4, 2018}}</ref>—and returned to Scotland on the [[SS Cameronia (1919)|SS ''Cameronia'']] on September 12, 1934.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biographytree.com/biography/biography-mary-anne-macleod-trumpmother-donald-trump/|title=Mary Anne Macleod Trump Biography; Mother of Donald Trump|website=BiographyTree|date=September 30, 2016|accessdate=August 20, 2018}}</ref>
Trump, a [[Lutheran]], married Mary, a [[Presbyterian]], in January 1936 at the [[Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church]] with [[George Arthur Buttrick]] officiating.<ref name=marymac3>{{Cite news |last = Hannan |first = Martin |url = http://www.thenational.scot/news/14903147.An_inconvenient_truth__Donald_Trump_s_Scottish_mother_was_a_low_earning_migrant/ |title = An inconvenient truth? Donald Trump's Scottish mother was a low-earning migrant |date = May 20, 2016 |work = [[The National (Scotland)|The National]] |access-date = November 19, 2016 }}</ref>
A wedding reception with 25 guests was held at the [[Carlyle Hotel]] in [[Manhattan]]. Fred and Mary Trump settled in [[Jamaica, Queens]],<ref name="nyer"/> and had five children.<ref name = ChabbaIBT161115>{{cite journal | last = Chabba | first = Seerat | date = November 15, 2016 | title=Who Are Donald Trump's Siblings? What You Need To Know About Maryanne, Freddy, Elizabeth And Robert Trump | journal = [[International Business Times]] | via = IBTimes.com | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/who-are-donald-trumps-siblings-what-you-need-know-about-maryanne-freddy-elizabeth-2446302 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name = genealogy.about.com>{{cite web| author = Powell, Kimberly | date = March 2, 2016 | url=http://genealogy.about.com/od/famous_family_trees/p/trump.htm|title=Donald Trump's German and Scottish Family Tree|website=About.com|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> They are or were: [[Maryanne Trump Barry]] (born 1937), a federal appeals court judge; Frederick Christ "Freddy" Trump Jr. (1938–1981), an airline pilot with [[Trans World Airlines]];<ref name = HorowitzNYT160102>{{cite journal | author = Horowitz, Jason | date = January 2, 2016 | title=For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/03/us/politics/for-donald-trump-lessons-from-a-brothers-suffering.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> Elizabeth Trump Grau (born 1942), an executive at [[Chase Bank#Merger as Chase Manhattan Bank|Chase Manhattan Bank]];<ref>{{cite news|title=Meet the Trumps: The family tree of Donald Trump|newspaper=MSN News|date=May 8, 2018|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/photos/meet-the-trumps-the-family-tree-of-president-elect-donald-trump/ss-AAkkfXe#image=15|accessdate=May 28, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Trump sister sells oceanfront Westhampton Beach home for $3.8M|newspaper=Newsday|first=Michael|last=Gavin|date=June 23, 2017|url=https://www.newsday.com/classifieds/real-estate/trump-sister-sells-oceanfront-westhampton-beach-home-for-3-8m-1.13759122|accessdate=May 28, 2018}}</ref> [[Donald Trump]] (born 1946), businessman, television personality and 45th [[President of the United States]];<ref>{{cite journal | author = Flegenheimer, Matt & Barbaro, Michael | date = November 9, 2016 | title=Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/09/us/politics/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-president.html | access-date = January 30, 2017}}</ref> and Robert Trump (born 1948), a top executive of his father's property management company.<ref name = ChabbaIBT161115/> Freddy Trump Jr. predeceased his parents, dying at 42 of complications associated with [[alcoholism]].<ref name = HorowitzNYT160102/><ref>{{cite journal | author = McAfee, Tierney | date = October 8, 2015 | title=Donald Trump Opens Up About His Brother's Death from Alcoholism: It Had a 'Profound Impact on My Life' | journal = [[People (magazine)|People]] | url=http://www.people.com/article/donald-trump-brother-fred-death-alcoholism | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
Although both of his parents were German,{{sfn|Blair|2005|page=110}} for decades after [[World War II]] Trump told friends that his family was of Swedish origin. According to his nephew John Walter, "He had a lot of Jewish tenants and it wasn't a good thing to be German in those days."<ref name=nyt>{{cite journal | author = Rozhon, Tracie | date = June 26, 1999 | title=Fred C. Trump, Postwar Master Builder of Housing for Middle Class, Dies at 93 | journal = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/26/nyregion/fred-c-trump-postwar-master-builder-of-housing-for-middle-class-dies-at-93.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
==Career==
[[File:FredTrump1950-02.png|thumb|190px|A later portrait in the ''Brooklyn Eagle'', February 1950]]
During World War II, Trump built barracks and garden apartments for [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] personnel near major [[shipyard]]s along the East Coast, including [[Chester, Pennsylvania]], [[Newport News, Virginia]], and [[Norfolk, Virginia]]. After the war he expanded into middle-income housing for the families of returning veterans, building Shore Haven in [[Bensonhurst]] in 1949, and Beach Haven near [[Coney Island]] in 1950 (a total of 2,700 apartments). In 1963–1964, he built [[Trump Village]], an apartment complex in [[Coney Island]], for $70 million.<ref name="bridgeportmillionaire"/> He built more than 27,000 [[affordable housing|low-income apartments]] and [[Terraced house|row houses]] in Coney Island, Bensonhurst, [[Sheepshead Bay]], [[Flatbush, Brooklyn|Flatbush]], and [[Brighton Beach]] in [[Brooklyn]], and [[Flushing, Queens|Flushing]] and [[Jamaica Estates]] in Queens.<ref name=nyt/>
Folk icon [[Woody Guthrie]] was a tenant in one of Trump's apartment complexes in Brooklyn in 1950, and criticized him as a landlord.<ref name="unbelievable"/> He wrote lyrics accusing him of stirring up [[Hate crime|racial hate]] "in the bloodpot of human hearts".<ref name="nytguthrie">{{cite news| last=Kaplan |first=Thomas | date = January 25, 2016 | title=Woody Guthrie Wrote of His Contempt for His Landlord, Donald Trump's Father | work = [[The New York Times]] | url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2016/01/25/woody-guthrie-sang-of-his-contempt-for-his-landlord-donald-trumps-father/ | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref>
===Profiteering investigation===
In 1954, Trump was investigated by a [[United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs|U.S. Senate committee]] for profiteering from public contracts, including overstating his Beach Haven building charges by $3.7 million.<ref name="unbelievable"/> In testimony before the Senate Banking Committee in 1954, William F. McKenna, appointed to investigate "scandals" within the [[Federal Housing Administration|FHA]], cited Fred C. Trump and his partner William Tomasello as examples of how profits were made by builders using the FHA.<ref name=FHA>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-stat/graphics/politics/trump-archive/docs/fha-investigation-1954-part-1.pdf|title=Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency|publisher=United States Senate: Eighty-Third Congress|website=The Washington Post|date=July 20, 1954|accessdate=August 19, 2018}}</ref>{{rp|409}} McKenna said the two paid $34,200 for a piece of land which they rented to their corporation for $76,960 per year in a 99-year lease, so that if the apartment they built on it ever defaulted, the FHA would owe them $1.924 million. McKenna said that Trump and Tomasello obtained loans for $3.5 million more than the apartments cost.<ref name=FHA/>{{rp|58}} The following month, Trump testified before the Senate Banking Committee that due to rising costs, he would have had to invest more than the 10% of the [[mortgage loan|loan]] not provided by the FHA, and therefore suffer a loss if he built under those conditions.<ref name=FHA/>{{rp|414–5}}
===Son becomes president===
Fred's son [[Donald Trump]] joined [[The Trump Organization|Trump Management Company]] around 1968, and rose to become company president in 1971. Donald Trump claimed to receive a loan from his father in the mid-1970s of $1 million (documented as numerous loans exceeding $14 million).<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal | author = Berzon, Alexandra & Rubin, Richard | date = September 23, 2016 | title=Trump's Father Helped GOP Candidate With Numerous Loans | journal = [[The Wall Street Journal]] | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trumps-father-helped-gop-candidate-with-numerous-loans-1474656573 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> This allowed Donald to enter the real estate business in [[Manhattan]], while his father stuck to Brooklyn and Queens.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Glum, Julia | date = September 26, 2016 | title=How Much Money Did Trump Get From His Dad? The Small Loan Controversy Explained| journal = [[International Business Times]] | via = IBTimes.com | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/how-much-money-did-trump-get-his-dad-small-loan-controversy-explained-2422185 | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref> "It was good for me," Donald later commented. "You know, being the son of somebody, it could have been competition to me. This way, I got Manhattan all to myself."<ref name=nyt/>
===Civil rights suit===
[[File:Trump Village.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Trump Village]] in Brooklyn, built by Fred Trump in 1963–1964]]
Minority applicants turned away from renting apartments complained to the New York City [[Commission on Human Rights]] and the [[National Urban League|Urban League]], leading the League and other groups to send test applicants to Trump-owned complexes in July 1972. They concluded that whites were offered apartments, while blacks were generally steered away. Both advocacy organizations then raised the issue with the Justice Department.<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/> In October 1973, the [[United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division|Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice]] (DOJ) filed a civil rights suit against the Trump organization (Fred Trump, chair & Donald Trump, president) for "violating the [[Fair Housing Act]] of 1968."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/> In response, Trump attorney [[Roy Cohn]] "portrayed the Trumps as the victims and counter-sued" for $100 million by implicating the DOJ for "falsely accusing them of discrimination."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/>
Court records showed that "four superintendents or rental agents confirmed that applications sent to the Trump organization's central office for acceptance or rejection were coded by race."<ref name = BarrettVV790115>{{cite journal | author = Barrett, Wayne | date = January 15, 1979 | title= Like Father, Like Son: Anatomy of a Young Power Broker | series = |journal = [[The Village Voice]] | url=http://www.villagevoice.com/news/how-a-young-donald-trump-forced-his-way-from-avenue-z-to-manhattan-7380462 | access-date = January 29, 2017}} The original 1979 article is reprinted and appended to the 2015 article by Barrett and Campbell.</ref> A rental agent said Fred Trump had instructed him "not to rent to blacks" and to "decrease the number of black tenants" "by encouraging them to locate housing elsewhere."<ref name = BarrettVV790115/> A [[consent decree]] between the DOJ and the TO was signed on June 10, 1975, with both sides claiming victory—the TO for its perceived ability to continue denying rentals to welfare recipients, and the head of DOJ's housing division for the decree being "one of the most far-reaching ever negotiated."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/><ref name = BarrettVV790115/> It personally and corporately prohibited the Trumps from "discriminating against any person in the ... sale or rental of a dwelling," and "required Trump to advertise vacancies in minority papers, promote minorities to professional jobs, and list vacancies on a preferential basis with the Open Housing Center of the Urban League."<ref name = BarrettVV790115/> Finally, it ordered the Trumps to "thoroughly acquaint themselves personally on a detailed basis with ... the Fair Housing Act of 1968."<ref name = KranishOHarrowWP160123/><ref>{{cite court |litigants= United States of America vs. Fred C. Trump and Trump Management, Inc.|court= East District of New York Court |date= October 15, 1973 |url= https://archive.org/stream/DonaldTrumpArchive/Discrimination%20case%20%20US%20v%20Trump%20case%20via%20National%20Archives%20FOIA_djvu.txt |accessdate= October 5, 2018}}</ref>
== Wealth and estate ==
Trump appeared on the initial ''[[Forbes 400]]'' list of richest Americans in 1982 with an estimated $200 million fortune shared with his son Donald.<ref name=wang-20160324>{{cite news |first=Jennifer |last=Wang |title=The Ups And Downs Of Donald Trump: Three Decades On And Off The Forbes 400 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferwang/2016/03/24/the-ups-and-downs-of-donald-trump-three-decades-on-and-off-the-forbes-400/ |work=[[Forbes]] |date=March 24, 2016 |access-date=June 9, 2018}}</ref> In 1976, Trump had set up trust funds of $1 million for each of his five children and three grandchildren (${{Inflation|US|1|1976|r=1}} million in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars), that paid out yearly dividends.<ref name="Kessler160303">{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |title=Trump's false claim he built his empire with a 'small loan' from his father |date=March 3, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/03/03/trumps-false-claim-he-built-his-empire-with-a-small-loan-from-his-father}}</ref> By 1993, the siblings' anticipated shares of Trump's estate amounted to $35 million each.<ref name=OBrien2005Oct>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/23/business/yourmoney/whats-he-really-worth.html |title=What's He Really Worth? |first=Timothy L. |last=O'Brien |access-date=February 25, 2016 |date=October 23, 2005 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="Kessler160303" /> Upon Trump's death in 1999, his will divided $20 million after taxes among his surviving children.<ref name="Kessler160303" /><ref name=Rozhon26June>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/26/nyregion/fred-c-trump-postwar-master-builder-of-housing-for-middle-class-dies-at-93.html |title=Fred C. Trump, Postwar Master Builder of Housing for Middle Class, Dies at 93 |first=Tracy |last=Rozhon |date=June 26, 1999 |access-date=August 19, 2015 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering">{{cite news|last = Horowitz|first = Jason|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/03/us/politics/for-donald-trump-lessons-from-a-brothers-suffering.html| title = For Donald Trump, Lessons From a Brother's Suffering|work = The New York Times|date = January 2, 2016|quote = Then came the unveiling of Fred Sr.'s will, which Donald had helped draft. It divided the bulk of the inheritance, at least $20 million, among his children and their descendants, 'other than my son Fred C. Trump Jr.'}}</ref>
In October 2018, ''The New York Times'' published an ''exposé'' drawing on more than 100,000 pages of tax returns and financial records from Trump's businesses, and interviews with former advisers and employees. The ''Times'' concluded that his son Donald "was a millionaire by age 8,"<ref name="takeaways">{{cite news |last1=Barstow |first1=David |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-wealth-fred-trump.html |title=11 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation Into Trump's Wealth |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 2, 2018 |accessdate=October 3, 2018}}</ref> and that he had received $413 million (adjusted for inflation) from Fred's business empire over his lifetime.<ref name="Tax_Schemes">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html |title=Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father |work=[[The New York Times]] |last1=Barstow |first1=David |last2=Craig |first2=Susanne |last3=Buettner |first3=Russ |date=October 2, 2018 |accessdate=October 2, 2018}}</ref>
According to the ''Times'', Trump loaned at least $60 million to his son, who largely failed to reimburse him.<ref name="takeaways"/> The paper also described a number of purportedly fraudulent tax schemes, for example when Trump sold shares in ''Trump Palace'' condos to his son well below their purchase price, thus masking what could be considered a hidden donation, and benefiting from a tax write-off.<ref name="Tax_Schemes"/> Donald Trump's lawyer denied the allegations of fraud and tax evasion, while the New York tax department stated they would investigate the issue.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[USA Today]] |first=Jon |last=Campbell |first2=Joseph |last2=Spector |title=New York could levy hefty penalties if Trump tax fraud is proven |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/10/03/new-york-trump-tax-fraud/1512265002/ |date=October 3, 2018 |access-date=October 5, 2018}}</ref>
==Philanthropy==
[[File:Jewish Charities 1941-12-22.jpg|thumb|Fred Trump (left) and other realtors at a New York and Brooklyn federation Jewish charity dinner.]]
Fred and Mary Trump supported medical charities by donating buildings. After Mary received medical care at the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, they donated the Trump [[Pavilion]].<ref name=nyt/><ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/><ref>Mary's obituary refers to her as being "the mainstay of the Women's Auxiliary of Jamaica Hospital." See NYT Staff, ''[[The New York Times]],'' August 9, 2000.</ref> Community Mainstreaming Associates of Great Neck, "an organization that provides homes for functionally retarded adults," received a two building complex in Brooklyn in a combined gift to the [[National Kidney Foundation]] of New York/New Jersey.<ref name=nyt/><ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/> The Cerebral Palsy Foundation of New York and New Jersey also received a building.<ref name=nyt/> In addition, Fred made charitable contributions to the [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center|Long Island Jewish Hospital]] and the [[Hospital for Special Surgery]] in Manhattan,<ref name=nyt/> and Mary served on the Women's Auxiliary of the Jamaica Day Nursery.<ref name = NYTstaffObit000809/>
Trump supported Jewish and Israeli causes and institutions, including donating the land for the Beach Haven Jewish Center in [[Flatbush, New York]].<ref>{{cite news|author=TJP Staff|date=November 21, 2016|title=Trump Family Donated Bigly to Jewish, Israeli Causes|newspaper=[[The Jewish Press]]|agency=JNi.Media|location=Brooklyn, NY|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/reports-trumps-donated-bigly-to-jewish-causes/2016/11/21|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref> He significantly supported [[Israel Bonds]], debt securities that trade at a risk-adjusted spread to U.S. Treasury bonds issued by the Israeli government.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Haaretz Staff|date=March 25, 2016|title=The Swedish Whopper: Donald Trump's Long-standing Struggle With the Truth|journal=[[Haaretz]]|format=print and online|via=Haaretz.com|url=http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/u-s-election-2016/1.710948|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref> The Trumps were active in [[The Salvation Army]], the [[Boy Scouts of America]] and the Lighthouse for the Blind.<ref name=NYTstaffObit000809/> Fred also supported the [[Kew-Forest School]],<ref name=nyt/> where his children attended and he served on the board of directors.<ref>{{cite book|last=Tuccille|first=Jerome|title=Trump: The Saga of America's Most Powerful Real Estate Baron|date=1985|publisher=Beard Books|isbn=9781587982231|page=38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=50ss1oWeZBAC|accessdate=February 18, 2017|language=en}}</ref>
==Later years and death==
During the 1980s, Fred Trump became friends with future-Prime Minister of Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], who was the Israeli Ambassador to the [[United Nations]] in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Sherman, Gabriel | date = June 1, 2016 | title=Trump Is Considering a Pre-Convention Visit to Israel | journal = New York [magazine] | via = NYMag.com | url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/06/trump-is-considering-pre-convention-israel-visit.html | access-date = January 29, 2017}}</ref><!--Start dates of BN's premierships are not relevant to this section's content, and are not in this cited article.-->
The Trumps had a happy, affectionate marriage, remaining together until Fred's death.{{sfn|Blair|2005}} He suffered from [[Alzheimer's disease]] for the last six years of his life,<ref name=nyt/> and finally fell ill with [[pneumonia]] in June 1999. He was admitted to [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center]] in New Hyde Park, where he died at age 93 on June 25.<ref name=NYP>{{cite journal|author=Mosconi, Angela|date=June 26, 1999|title=Fred Trump, Dad of Donald, Dies at 93|journal=[[New York Post]]|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/news/item_2h8RN9H4r2EnuTa5v0ARhK|access-date=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Trump's estate was estimated by his family at $250 million to $300 million.<ref name=nyt/> His funeral was held at the [[Marble Collegiate Church]]<ref name=NYP /> and his body is interred at Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery in [[Middle Village, Queens]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Scovell|first=Nell|title=A Visit to Trump's Graveyard|website=Esquire|date=October 11, 2016|url=http://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a49247/search-for-trump-grave/|accessdate=January 20, 2017}}</ref> His widow, Mary, died the following summer, on August 7, 2000, in [[New Hyde Park, New York]], at age 88.<ref name=NYTstaffObit000809>{{cite journal|author=NYT Staff|date=August 9, 2000|title=Mary MacLeod Trump Philanthropist, 88|journal=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/09/nyregion/mary-macleod-trump-philanthropist-88.html|access-date=January 30, 2017}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
===Bibliography===
* {{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uJifCgAAQBAJ&hl=en | title = The Trumps: Three Generations of Builders and a Presidential Candidate | last = Blair | first = Gwenda | authorlink = Gwenda Blair | year = 2015 | publisher = [[Simon & Schuster]] | isbn = 978-1501139369 | location = [[New York City]] | language = en | ref = harv}}
==External links==
* {{Find a Grave|40736522}}
* [http://www.geni.com/people/Fredrick-Trump/6000000007106507456 Fredrick Trump Jr. at geni.com] {{Registration required}}
{{Donald Trump}}
{{Trump family}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trump, Fred}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:American construction businesspeople]]
[[Category:American people of German descent]]
[[Category:American real estate businesspeople]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from New York City]]
[[Category:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease]]
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]]
[[Category:Fathers of Presidents of the United States]]
[[Category:People from Queens, New York]]
[[Category:Trump family|Fred]]
[[Category:American philanthropists]]
