Changes
Updated WyoTech reference to reflect that it's open and operating.
{{Distinguish|Laramie County, Wyoming}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Laramie, Wyoming
| settlement_type = [[City]]
<!-- Images -->
| image_skyline = Laramie Downtown Historic District.jpg
| image_caption = Downtown Laramie Historic District
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| nickname =
| motto = Gem City of the Plains
<!-- Maps -->
| image_map = File:Albany County Wyoming Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Laramie Highlighted 5645050.svg
| mapsize = 250px
| map_caption = Location of Laramie in Albany County, Wyoming.
<!-- Location -->
| coordinates = {{coord|41|18|40|N|105|35|37|W|region:US-WY|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Wyoming}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Wyoming|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Albany County, Wyoming.gif}} [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
<!-- Government -->
| government_type =
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Andi Summerville
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
| area_total_km2 = 46.00
| area_total_sq_mi = 17.76
| area_land_km2 = 45.95
| area_land_sq_mi = 17.74
| area_water_km2 = 0.05
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.02
| area_water_percent =
| elevation_m = 2184
| elevation_ft = 7165
<!-- Population -->
| population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/>
| population_total = 30816
| population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_est = 32382
| pop_est_as_of = 2016
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban =
| population_metro = 37,956 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2015_PEPANNRES&prodType=table|title=American FactFinder - Results|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|website=Factfinder.census.gov|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
<!-- General information -->
| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = -7
| timezone_DST = [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -6
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]
| postal_code = 82070-82073
| area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_code = 307 Exchanges:721,742,745,755,766
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 56-45050<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}}</ref>
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 1590526<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/}}
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2016"/>
}}
'''Laramie''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ær|ə|m|i}} is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany County]], [[Wyoming]], United States. The population was 30,816 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Laramie city, Wyoming| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=June 10, 2012}}</ref> Located on the [[Laramie River]] in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]], at the junction of [[Interstate 80]] and [[U.S. Route 287]].
Laramie was settled in the mid-19th century along the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] line, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. It is home to the [[University of Wyoming]], [[WyoTech|Wyoming Technical Institute]], and a branch of [[Laramie County Community College]]. [[Laramie Regional Airport]] serves Laramie. The ruins of [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders]], an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]] and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], the city draws outdoor enthusiasts with its abundance of outdoor activities.
In 2011, Laramie was named as one of the best cities in which to retire by ''[[Money Magazine]]'', which cited its scenic location, low taxes, and educational opportunities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://laramielive.com/money-magazine-recognizes-laramie-as-a-great-place-to-retire/|title=Money Magazine Recognizes Laramie as a Great Place to Retire|website=Laramie Live|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
== History ==
Laramie was named for [[Jacques La Ramee|Jacques LaRamie]], a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the late 1810s and was never heard from again. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area. European-American settlers named a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city for him. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than for any other trapper but [[Jim Bridger]].<ref>Parkin, Patsy, [http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm "Jacques LaRamie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225233349/http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm |date=2010-02-25 }}, 2000. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.</ref> Because the name was used so frequently, the town was called Laramie City for decades to distinguish it from other uses.
The city was founded in the mid-1860s as a tent city near the [[Overland Stage Line]] route, the [[Union Pacific Railroad|Union Pacific]] portion of the [[First Transcontinental Railroad|first transcontinental railroad]], and just north of Fort Sanders army post. The rails reached Laramie on May 4, 1868 when construction crews worked through town. A few passengers arrived on that same day.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=5 May 1868|title=Railroad}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Cheyenne Leader|date=5 May 1868|title=Railroad arrives}}</ref> The first regular passenger service began on May 10, 1868, by which time entrepreneurs were building more permanent structures. Laramie City (as it was known in early years) soon had stores, houses, a school, and churches.<ref name="museum">[http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html "Laramie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928125311/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html |date=2007-09-28 }} Laramie Plains Museum. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> Laramie's fame as the western terminal of the Union Pacific Railroad, acquired when the {{convert|268|mi|km|adj=on}} section from [[North Platte, Nebraska]] was opened in May ended in early August 1868 when a {{convert|93|mi|km|adj=on}} section of track was opened to Benton, {{convert|6|mi|km}} east of present-day [[Sinclair, Wyoming]].
The frontier town initially suffered from lawlessness. Its first [[mayor]], M. C. Brown, resigned his office on June 12, 1868 after six turbulent weeks, saying that the other officials elected alongside him on May 2 were guilty of "incapacity and laxity" in dealing with the city's problems.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=16 June 1868|title=Mayor Resigns}}</ref> This was due to the threat to the community from three half-brothers, early [[Old West]] [[gunfighter|gunman]] [[Steve Long|"Big" Steve Long]], Con Moyer and Ace Moyer. Long was Laramie's first [[marshal]], and with his brothers owned the [[Western saloon|saloon]] ''Bucket of Blood.'' The three began harassing settlers, forcing them to sign over the deeds to their property to them. Any who refused were killed, usually goaded into a gunfight by Long. By October 1868, Long had killed 13 men.
The first Albany County [[sheriff]], rancher [[N. K. Boswell]], organized a "Vigilance Committee" in response. On October 28, 1868, Boswell led the committee into the ''Bucket of Blood,'' overwhelmed the three brothers, and [[lynching|lynched]] them at an unfinished cabin down the street. Through a series of other lynchings and other forms of intimidation, the vigilantes reduced the "unruly element" and established a semblance of law and order.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm "Chapter 3: Coming of Rails"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218075354/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm |date=2007-12-18 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref>
[[File:University of wyoming 1908 crop.jpg|thumb|left|175px|"Old Main" building at the<br>[[University of Wyoming]]<br>in Laramie - 1908]]
In 1869, Wyoming was organized as [[Wyoming Territory]], the first legislature of which passed a bill granting equal political rights to women in the territory. In March 1870, five Laramie residents became the first women in the world to serve on a jury.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm "Chapter 4: Establishing the Territory and Granting Women Equal Rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219191341/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm |date=2007-12-19 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> As Laramie was the first town in Wyoming to hold a municipal election, on September 6, 1870, a Laramie resident was the first woman in the United States to cast a legal vote in a general election.<ref name="museum" />
Early businesses included rolling mills, a railroad-tie treatment plant, a brick yard, a slaughterhouse, a brewery, a glass manufacturing plant, and a plaster mill, as well as the railroad yards. In 1886, a plant to produce electricity was built.<ref name="museum" /> Several regional railroads were based in Laramie, including the [[Laramie, North Park and Pacific Railroad and Telegraph Company]] founded in 1880 and the [[Laramie, North Park and Western Railroad]] established in 1901.
Governor [[Francis E. Warren]] signed a bill that established the [[University of Wyoming]] (UW) in 1886, the only public university in the state. Laramie was chosen as its site, and UW opened there in 1887. Under the terms of the [[Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act|Morrill Act]], also known as the Land Grant College Act, in 1891 UW added an agricultural college and experiment station to gain benefits as a land grant college.<ref name="factbook">[http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/historyhighlights.asp "Fact Book: Historical Highlights"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809012745/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/historyhighlights.asp |date=2007-08-09 }} University of Wyoming. Retrieved on August 12, 2007.</ref>
===Late 20th century to present===
The city was covered by international media in 1998 after the murder of [[Matthew Shepard]], a gay student at the University of Wyoming. His murder generated an international outcry.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/195158.stm | work=BBC News | title=Americans mourn gay hate-crime victim | date=1998-10-17}}</ref> It became the symbolic focus for a nationwide campaign against gay hate crimes. Federal [[hate crimes]] legislation was signed into law in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/columns/ci_13628360|title=Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act passes Congress, finally|website=Mercurynews.com|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref> As of May 2016, Wyoming does not have a hate crimes law.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hcn.org/issues/48.9/its-still-dangerous-to-be-gay-in-wyoming|title=It’s still dangerous to be gay in Wyoming|access-date=2017-04-15|language=en-us}}</ref> Shepard's murder was the subject of the award-winning play, later adapted as a movie, ''[[The Laramie Project]]''.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/17/arts/17iht-laramie.1.16232258.html Matthew Shepard and Laramie: A crime that lingers], ''[[The New York Times]],'' Retrieved on January 22, 2011.</ref>
In 2004, Laramie became the first city in Wyoming to pass a law to prohibit smoking in enclosed workplaces, including bars, restaurants and private clubs. Opponents of the clean indoor air [[Local ordinance|ordinance]], funded in part by the [[R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company]], immediately petitioned to have the ordinance repealed. However, the voters upheld the ordinance in a citywide [[referendum]] which was conducted concurrently with the 2004 general election. The opponents challenged the validity of the election in court, claiming various irregularities. However, the judge ruled that the opponents had failed to meet their burden of showing significant problems with the election, and the ordinance, which had become effective in April 2005, remained in effect.<ref>[http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 Laramie Smoking Ban Subject of Television Program Tuesday"] University of Wyoming news release, October 16, 2006. Retrieved on August 10, 2007.</ref> In August 2005, Laramie's City Council defeated an attempt to amend the ordinance to allow smoking in bars and private clubs.<br />
{{wide image|WY 1908 St. scene, Laramie.jpg|1000px|alt=Laramie, 1908|Laramie, 1908}}
==Geography and climate==
Laramie is located at {{Coord|41|18|47|N|105|35|14|W|type:city}} (41.312927, −105.587251).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|17.76|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|17.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/699nOulzi?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-07-14 |df= }}</ref>
Laramie is on a high plain between two mountain ranges, the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]], about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} to the west, and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], {{convert|7|mi|km|0}} to the east. The city's elevation above [[sea level]] is about {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}}. The [[Laramie River]] runs through Laramie toward its confluence with the [[North Platte River]] east of the Laramie Range.
The city is about {{convert|50|mi|km|0}} west of [[Cheyenne, Wyoming]], and {{convert|130|mi|km|0}} north of [[Denver|Denver, Colorado]]. Laramie lies along [[U.S. Route 30]], Interstate 80, and U.S. Route 287, and it remains an important junction on the Union Pacific Railroad line.
Laramie's total precipitation averages about {{convert|11|in|mm|0}} a year, and the average number of rainy days per year is about 86. The city experiences a day that is {{convert|90|°F|0}} or warmer 2.2 times a year. The average temperature in December is {{convert|21.1|°F|1}}, and in July it is {{convert|64.0|°F|1}}. Annual snowfall averages {{convert|48|in|cm|0}}. Because of the high elevation, winters are long, and summers are short and relatively cool. The growing season is short, as the average window for freezing temperatures is September 14 through June 6, while for accumulating (≥{{convert|0.1|in|cm|disp=or}}) it is October 5 through May 12.
Laramie has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold Semi-arid climates|BSk]]'') with long, cold, dry winters and short, warm, somewhat wetter summers.
{{Weather box
| location = Laramie, Wyoming (Laramie Regional Airport), 1981–2010 normals|single line = Y
| Jan high F = 33.3
| Feb high F = 35.2
| Mar high F = 43.0
| Apr high F = 51.1
| May high F = 61.5
| Jun high F = 72.5
| Jul high F = 80.1
| Aug high F = 77.9
| Sep high F = 68.6
| Oct high F = 55.7
| Nov high F = 41.3
| Dec high F = 32.2
| year high F = 54.4
| Jan low F = 10.1
| Feb low F = 11.9
| Mar low F = 18.7
| Apr low F = 24.6
| May low F = 33.7
| Jun low F = 41.9
| Jul low F = 48.0
| Aug low F = 46.7
| Sep low F = 37.9
| Oct low F = 28.0
| Nov low F = 17.4
| Dec low F = 10.0
| year low F = 27.4
| Jan record high F = 59
| Feb record high F = 63
| Mar record high F = 71
| Apr record high F = 77
| May record high F = 87
| Jun record high F = 94
| Jul record high F = 94
| Aug record high F = 94
| Sep record high F = 90
| Oct record high F = 79
| Nov record high F = 70
| Dec record high F = 61
| year record high F = 94
| Jan record low F = −50
| Feb record low F = −39
| Mar record low F = −25
| Apr record low F = −14
| May record low F = 5
| Jun record low F = 22
| Jul record low F = 30
| Aug record low F = 28
| Sep record low F = −2
| Oct record low F = −18
| Nov record low F = −26
| Dec record low F = −34
| year record low F = −50
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = .27
| Feb precipitation inch = .34
| Mar precipitation inch = .59
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.08
| May precipitation inch = 1.69
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.53
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.43
| Aug precipitation inch = 1.25
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.11
| Oct precipitation inch = .80
| Nov precipitation inch = .58
| Dec precipitation inch = .37
| Jan snow inch = 7.4
| Feb snow inch = 8.3
| Mar snow inch = 9.3
| Apr snow inch = 9.5
| May snow inch = 3.3
| Jun snow inch = .2
| Jul snow inch = 0
| Aug snow inch = 0
| Sep snow inch = .2
| Oct snow inch = 2.4
| Nov snow inch = 6.7
| Dec snow inch = 6.5
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 4.6
| Feb precipitation days = 5.1
| Mar precipitation days = 6.0
| Apr precipitation days = 7.8
| May precipitation days = 10.5
| Jun precipitation days = 8.5
| Jul precipitation days = 9.2
| Aug precipitation days = 9.8
| Sep precipitation days = 7.1
| Oct precipitation days = 6.4
| Nov precipitation days = 5.7
| Dec precipitation days = 5.2
| year precipitation days = 86.0
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 5.0
| Feb snow days = 5.0
| Mar snow days = 6.0
| Apr snow days = 5.5
| May snow days = 2.3
| Jun snow days = .2
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = .6
| Oct snow days = 2.5
| Nov snow days = 5.4
| Dec snow days = 5.5
| year snow days = 37.9
| source 1 = NOAA (extremes 1948–present)<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cys
|title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|accessdate = 2013-07-01}}</ref>|date=March 2011|year precipitation inch=11.03}}
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 828
|1880= 2696
|1890= 6388
|1900= 8207
|1910= 8237
|1920= 6301
|1930= 8609
|1940= 10627
|1950= 15581
|1960= 17520
|1970= 23143
|1980= 24410
|1990= 26687
|2000= 27204
|2010= 30816
|estyear=2016
|estimate=32382
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}</ref>
|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title = Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns|publisher = Wyoming Department of State / U.S. Census Bureau|url = http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm|accessdate = 2008-06-30 }}</ref><ref>Moffatt, Riley. ''Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990''. [[Lanham, Maryland|Lanham]]: Scarecrow, 1996, 341.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2007-56.csv|title = Subcounty population estimates: Wyoming 2000-2007|format = [[comma-separated values|CSV]]|publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date = March 3, 2009|accessdate = May 8, 2009}}</ref>
}}
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-12-14}}</ref> of 2010, there were 30,816 people, 13,394 households, and 5,843 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1737.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 14,307 housing units at an average density of {{convert|806.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 9.2% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race, 3.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.8% from two or more races, 2.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], 1.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.07% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]].
There were 13,394 households of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.4% were non-families. 36.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
The median age in the city was 25.4 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 32.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.5% were from 25 to 44; 17.4% were from 45 to 64; and 7.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.0% male and 48.0% female.
===2000 census===
As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 27,204 people, 11,336 households, and 5,611 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,442.5 people per square mile (942.9/km²). There were 11,994 housing units at an average density of 1,076.9 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.81% White, 1.24% African American, 0.89% Native American, 1.92% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.89% from other races, and 2.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.94% of the population.
There were 11,336 households out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.3% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.5% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the city, the population was spread out with 17.5% under the age of 18, 31.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $27,319, and the median income for a family was $43,395. Males had a median income of $30,888 versus $22,009 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,036. About 11.1% of families and 22.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.
==Arts and culture==
===Annual cultural events===
Laramie Jubilee Days started in 1940 to celebrate Wyoming Statehood Day on July 10. Since then, Jubilee Days has expanded to include several days around the [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]]. Events typically include food, live music, games, [[funfair|carnival]] rides, a street [[fair]], a parade, a softball tournament, and [[rodeo]] events.<ref>{{cite web | title = Laramie Jubilee Days | publisher = Laramie Jubilee Days | url = http://www.laramiejubileedays.com/ | year=2012|accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref>
===Museums and concert halls===
The Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming is open to the public and houses more than 50,000 catalogued mineral, rock, and fossil specimens, including a dinosaur exhibit.<ref>{{cite web | title = Geological Museum | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/geomuseum/ | accessdate = 2007-10-23 }}</ref> The university's art museum offers gallery exhibits, lectures, workshops, classes, and public tours year-round.<ref>{{cite web | title = Art Museum: General Information | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | accessdate = 2007-10-23 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024014630/http://uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | archivedate = 2007-10-24 | df = }}</ref> The Fine Arts Concert Hall on campus presents frequent concerts and recitals during the school year.<ref>{{cite web | title = Concerts, Events, Recitals | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | accessdate = 2007-10-27 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216001446/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | archivedate = 2007-12-16 | df = }}</ref> Housed in the Ivinson Mansion near the center of town is the Laramie Plains Museum.<ref>{{cite web | title = Historic Ivinson Mansion | publisher = The Laramie Plains Museum | url = http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref> The Wyoming Children's Museum and Nature Center has interactive exhibits and pottery classes for children aged 3 and older.<ref>{{cite web | title = Wyoming Children's Museum & Nature Center | publisher = Wyoming State Historical Society | url = http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm | accessdate = 2007-10-23 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014103507/http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-10-14}}</ref> In 2012, the [[Wyoming House for Historic Women]] was opened in downtown Laramie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/wyoming-house-for-historic-women-opens-in-laramie|title=Wyoming House for Historic Women opens in Laramie|last=|first=|date=2012-06-12|work=Washington Examiner|access-date=2018-08-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurabegleybloom/2018/03/19/top-womens-history-landmark-in-every-state/|title=A State-By-State Guide To The Top Women's History Landmarks In America|last=Bloom|first=Laura Begley|date=2018-03-19|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-08-22|language=en}}</ref>
===Libraries===
The central library of the Albany County Library system, with a wide range of materials for adults and children, is near downtown Laramie; the system's branch libraries are in [[Centennial, Wyoming|Centennial]], {{convert|28|mi|km|0}} west of Laramie and [[Rock River, Wyoming|Rock River]], {{convert|32|mi|km|0}} northwest of Laramie.<ref>{{cite web | title = Albany County Public Library | publisher = Albany County Public Library | url = http://acpl.lib.wy.us/ | accessdate = 2007-10-24}}</ref> [[William Robertson Coe]] Library, the main library of the University of Wyoming, has materials for general research in business, education, fine arts, science, humanities, and the social sciences as well as audio visual and government documents collections. The Brinkerhoff Geology Library specializes in geology, geophysics, physical geography, mining and petroleum geology, and geological engineering. Also at the university are the George W. Hooper Law Library, the Library Annex, a high-density storage facility located in the basement of the UW Science Complex, the Rocky Mountain Herbarium Library, a learning resources center with materials for teachers and children, and an archives, rare book, and manuscript repository known as the American Heritage Center.<ref>{{cite web | title = Libraries at UW | publisher = The University of Wyoming | url = http://www-lib.uwyo.edu/about/branches/index.cfm | accessdate = 2008-03-12}}</ref>
===National Register sites===
[[File:WY 07-05-2008 12;17;17PM.JPG|right|thumb|Marshal's carriage at Wyoming Territorial Prison]]
Twenty-one sites in Laramie, including the [[Wyoming Territorial Prison State Historic Site|Wyoming Territorial Penitentiary]], are included on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] (NRHP). The prison site includes buildings and other exhibits from a frontier community of the late 19th century. The other sites are the [[Downtown Laramie Historic District]], the [[Ivinson Mansion and Grounds]], [[Old Main (University of Wyoming)|Old Main]] on the University of Wyoming campus, the [[Barn at Oxford Horse Ranch]], [[Bath Ranch]], [[Bath Row]], [[Charles E. Blair House]], [[John D. Conley House]], [[Cooper Mansion]], [[East Side School (Laramie, Wyoming)|East Side School]], [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders Guardhouse]], [[William Goodale House]], [[Lehman-Tunnell Mansion]], [[Lincoln School (Laramie, Wyoming)|Lincoln School]], [[Richardson's Overland Trail Ranch]], [[St. Matthew's Cathedral Close]], [[St. Paul's United Church of Christ of Laramie|St. Paulus Kirche]], [[Snow Train Rolling Stock]], [[Union Pacific Athletic Club]], and the [[Vee Bar Ranch Lodge]].<ref name="register">{{cite web | title = National Register of Historic Places: State listings: Wyoming: Albany County | publisher = National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior | url = http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/wy/Albany/state.html| accessdate = 2008-02-11 }}</ref>
Two other Albany County sites near Laramie are on the NRHP. About {{convert|20|mi|km|0}} east of the city is the [[Ames Monument]], a large granite pyramid dedicated to brothers [[Oakes Ames]], a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from [[Massachusetts]], and [[Oliver Ames, Jr.]], who were influential in building the Union Pacific portion of the [[First Transcontinental Railroad]]. Oakes Ames was also implicated in the [[Crédit Mobilier of America scandal|Credit Mobilier scandal]] and censured by the U.S. House. The other site is [[Como Bluff]], a long ridge extending east–west between Rock River and [[Medicine Bow, Wyoming|Medicine Bow]]. Geologic formations in the ridge contain fossils, including dinosaurs, from the [[Late Jurassic]].<ref name="register" />
==Sports==
===College===
The University of Wyoming [[Wyoming Cowboys|Cowboys]] compete at the [[NCAA Division I]] level (FBS-Football Bowl Subdivision for football) as a member of the [[Mountain West Conference]]. UW offers 17 NCAA-sanctioned sports teams – nine women’s sports and eight men’s sports. Wyoming’s nine NCAA sports for women include basketball; cross country; golf; soccer; swimming and diving; tennis; indoor track & field; outdoor track and field; and volleyball. UW’s eight NCAA sports for men include basketball; cross country; football; golf; swimming and diving; indoor track and field; outdoor track and field; and wrestling.
===Outdoor===
Sports enthusiasts find much to do in and near Laramie, nestled at {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}} above sea level between the Laramie Range (Laramie Mountains) and the Snowy Range (Medicine Bow Mountains). Popular activities include skiing, [[Snowmobile|snowmobiling]], [[Mountain bike|mountain biking]], [[hunting]],hunting, fishing, and hiking.
Rock climbing, hiking, and camping are among the attractions of [[Vedauwoo]], an assemblage of weathered granite slabs, boulders, and cliffs covering {{convert|10|sqmi|km2}} in the [[Medicine Bow – Routt National Forest]], about {{convert|16|mi|km|0}} east of Laramie off Interstate 80.<ref>{{cite web | title = Vedauwoo Campground | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/camping/laramie/vedauwoo.shtml | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
Volunteers from the Medicine Bow Nordic Association, in cooperation with the [[United States Forest Service|Forest Service]], maintain groomed [[Cross-country skiing|cross-country ski]] trails in a sector of the Laramie Range about {{convert|10|mi|km|0}} east of the city.<ref>{{cite web | title = Medicine Bow Nordic Association | publisher = Medicine Bow Nordic Association | url = http://www.medbownordic.org/ | accessdate=2007-10-27 }}</ref> To the west, Snowy Range cross-country trails run through the national forest west of Centennial, and other trails follow gentle terrain {{convert|32|mi|km|0}} southwest of Laramie near [[Woods Landing-Jelm, Wyoming|Woods Landing]]. Miles of snowmobile trails wind through the forests, and many forest areas are open to travel by [[snowshoe]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Winter Activities | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/winteractivities/index2005.shtml | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
The Snowy Range Ski Area, about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} west of Laramie off Wyoming Highway 130, offers [[Downhill (ski competition)|downhill skiing]] and [[snowboarding]] on 27 trails ranging in difficulty from beginner to expert.<ref>{{cite web | title = The Mountain | publisher = Snowy Range Ski Area | url = http://www.snowyrange.com/page4.html | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
Laramie is a center for mountain biking. Mountain bike trails meander through forests in the Laramie Range and the Snowy Range. The Medicine Bow Mountain Bike Patrol, part of the Laramie Bicycling Network, is a non-profit volunteer organization that works with the Forest Service to patrol and maintain biking trails east of Laramie. The Medicine Bow Rail–Trail is a mountain bike trail, {{convert|21|mi|km|0}} long, built between 2005 and 2007 on the bed of an abandoned railroad southwest of Laramie. It starts near the town of Albany and Lake Owen and extends south to the town of Mountain Home near the Wyoming–Colorado border. The Laramie Enduro 111K, an endurance mountain bike race of {{convert|111|km|mi|0}} is held annually on Laramie Range trails.<ref>{{cite web | title = Medicine Bow Mountain Bike Patrol | publisher = Cycle Wyoming | url = http://www.cyclewyoming.org/index.htm | accessdate = 2007-10-28 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024114102/http://cyclewyoming.org/index.htm | archivedate = 2007-10-24 | df = }}</ref>
Other annual events include the Poker Run recreational ski race held in the Snowy Mountains each February, and the Tour De Laramie, a bicycle rally with stops at local pubs held in May. The [[Wyoming Marathon Races]], a series of running and ultra-running events held in [[Medicine Bow National Forest]], are held annually each [[Memorial Day]] weekend.
Trout fishing is another popular sport in and near Laramie. The Laramie River, which flows north into Wyoming from Colorado, is fished as are the smaller streams in both mountain ranges and the many small plains lakes in the Laramie Basin.<ref>{{cite web |first = K | last = Kristopherson | title = Laramie River from Colorado into Wyoming | publisher = Wyoming Fishing Net | url = http://www.wyomingfishing.net/ft_lar.htm | accessdate=2007-10-28 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070702111224/http://www.wyomingfishing.net/ft_lar.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-07-02}}</ref>
Other outdoor activities popular near Laramie include camping, picnicking, rafting on the Laramie River and the North Platte River, viewing of wildlife such as mule deer, elk, moose, and pronghorn, and general sightseeing. For {{convert|27|mi|km|0}} of its length as it crosses the Snowy Range, the Highway 130 corridor has been designated a [[National Forest Scenic Byway]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Recreation | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/| accessdate=October 28, 2007 }}</ref>
==Parks and recreation==
Laramie has 14 city parks that, among them, include playgrounds, seasonal wading pools, jogging and biking paths, baseball and softball fields, basketball hoops, a [[skateboard]] park, [[horseshoe]] pits, tennis courts, [[volleyball]] courts, a [[physical fitness|fitness]] circuit court, [[Football (soccer)|soccer]] fields, picnic tables, river fishing, and a seasonally stocked fishing pond.<ref>{{cite web | title = City Parks | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/parks/Parkslisting.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080101011721/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/parks/Parkslisting.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2008-01-01}}</ref> In addition to a public country club and golf course, Laramie residents also have access to the University of Wyoming's 18-hole golf course,<ref>{{cite web | title = Glenn "Red" Jacoby Golf Course | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.jacobygc.com/ | accessdate = 2007-10-29}}</ref> and to a wide variety of university recreation sites including [[Squash (sport)|squash]] courts, [[American handball|handball]] courts, baseball and softball diamonds, basketball courts, a [[climbing wall]], and fields for football, soccer, and track.<ref>{{cite web | title = Campus Recreation | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/Rec/campusrecreation/main/reserve_facilities.asp#reserve_who | accessdate = 2007-10-29 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071231163433/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/Rec/campusrecreation/main/reserve_facilities.asp#reserve_who | archivedate = 2007-12-31 | df = }}</ref>
The Community Recreation Center has an outdoor swimming pool, an indoor pool, an eight-lane lap pool, [[water slide]]s, a full-court gymnasium, cardio equipment, circuit [[Weight training#Equipment|weights]], and an indoor playground, and it offers programs in adult fitness, youth volleyball, junior basketball, and aquatics.<ref>{{cite web | title = Recreation Center | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/reccenter/index.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070819140637/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/reccenter/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-08-19}}</ref> The Community Ice Arena is open for ice skating, skating lessons, [[hockey]], synchronized skating, adult co-ed [[broomball]], and other ice-related activities from October through mid-March. A children's hockey club, a figure skating club, university hockey teams, and adult non-[[Checking (ice hockey)|check]] hockey teams as well as the general public use the ice arena.<ref>{{cite web | title = Laramie Community Ice Arena | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/icerink/index.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070819140441/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/icerink/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-08-19}}</ref>
==Environmental problems==
According to a 2012 report by the [[Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality]] (DEQ), a former industrial site for the production of aluminum, arsenic acid, strategic metals and cement now owned by L.C. Holdings, {{convert|2|mi|km}} south of Laramie had [[arsenic]] concentrations in on-site water well samples 3,100-times higher than DEQ cleanup levels.<ref name=LB>{{cite news|author1=CHILTON TIPPIN|title=DEQ overseeing cleanup of site south of Laramie|url=http://www.laramieboomerang.com/articles/2014/04/12/news/doc5348beb345870676992229.txt|accessdate=27 August 2014|work=Laramie Boomerang|publisher=Cheyenne Newspapers Inc|date=April 12, 2014}}</ref> The site has been storing a 1,000-ton pile of contaminated flue dust from [[Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex]], an Idaho [[superfund site]], under a tarp since the 1980s.<ref name=LB/> In 2011 L.C. Holdings entered the DEQ's "Voluntary Remediation Program".
==Government and laws==
[[File:Laramie City Hall.jpg|thumb|right|Laramie City Hall]]
Laramie has a [[Council-manager government|council-manager]] form of government. The council, the city's legislative body, consists of nine members who serve overlapping four-year terms. The council members set policy, approve budgets, pass ordinances, appoint citizen volunteers to advisory boards, and oversee the city staff.<ref name="city council" /> Two members of the council hold at-large seats, and seven are elected from city wards, one per ward. The council picks a mayor and vice-mayor once every two years at the first council meeting in January.<ref name="city council">{{cite web | title=City Council | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/cityhall/council/index.html | publisher = City of Laramie | accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref> Laramie is the county seat of Albany County and houses county offices, courts,<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> and the county library.
In 2015, Laramie passed an LGBT anti-discrimination bill.<ref name="npr.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/11/02/453954078/patchwork-of-protection-in-rural-areas-for-lgbt-community-has-limits|title='Patchwork Of Protection' In Rural Areas For LGBT Community Has Limits|website=Npr.org|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref> The ordinance bans discrimination against LGBT people in employment, housing and public accommodations such as bars and restaurants.<ref name="npr.org"/>
==Education==
[[Albany County School District Number 1|Albany County School District#1]], headquartered in Laramie, governs 19 public schools in an area of {{convert|4000|sqmi|km2}} including Laramie, Centennial, Rock River, and rural locations. A total of about 4,000 students attend these schools, the Laramie fraction of which includes seven elementary schools, one middle school, [[Laramie High School (Wyoming)|Laramie High School]], and Whiting High School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|title=Albany County School District One Strategic Plan 2017-2022|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Albany County School District One|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117190800/https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|archive-date=2018-01-17|dead-url=yes|accessdate=2018-01-17}}</ref> Snowy Range Academy, a charter school, serves children in grades [[kindergarten|K]]–7,<ref>{{cite web | title = Snowy Range Academy | publisher = Great Schools, Inc. | url=http://www.greatschools.net/modperl/browse_school/wy/453 | accessdate = 2008-02-11 }}</ref> and formerly St. Laurence, a Catholic school, served children in grades K–6 but closed in 2016.<ref>{{cite web | title = Welcome to St. Laurence School | publisher = St. Laurence School | url = http://www.stlos.com/ | accessdate = 2007-10-25 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009030849/http://www.stlos.com/ | archivedate = 2007-10-09 | df = }}</ref> The University of Wyoming also offers a Lab School (colloquially referred to as "Prep") for K–9 students.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.acsd1.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=136&Itemid=231 | title = University Lab School | accessdate = 2012-05-17}}</ref>
The main campus of the [[University of Wyoming]] is in Laramie. In 2009, about 13,400 students were enrolled there at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels.<ref>{{cite web | title = Fact Book | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | accessdate = 2007-10-27 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009160744/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | archivedate = 2007-10-09 | df = }}</ref> The [[Laramie County Community College]] is also in Laramie.
The [[Wyoming Technical Institute (WyoTech)|WyoTech]] campus offers 9-month courses in Automotive Technology, Collision & Refinishing Technology, and Diesel Technology, as well as a variety of specialized industry programs—including High-Performance Power Trains, Street Rod, Trim and Upholstery, Chassis Fabrication, and Applied Service Management.
==Media==
The ''[[Laramie Boomerang]]'' is Laramie's main newspaper. The ''Branding Iron'' is a student-run newspaper at the University of Wyoming. [[Wyoming PBS|Wyoming Public Television]] station [[KCWC-DT]], licensed to [[Central Wyoming College]] in [[Riverton, Wyoming|Riverton]], has a transmitter near Laramie known as KWYP-DT.<ref>{{cite web | title = About Wyoming Public Television | publisher = Wyoming Public Television | url = http://www.wyoptv.org/about/ | accessdate = 2007-10-23 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071021134227/http://wyoptv.org/about/ | archivedate = 2007-10-21 | df = }}</ref>
Many radio stations broadcast from Laramie. Three are [[Wyoming Public Radio]] stations: [[KUWR]], 91.9 [[Frequency modulation|FM]]; [[KUWY]], 88.5 FM, classical, and [[KUWL]], 90.1 FM, jazz.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wyoming Public Radio|website=WPR.org|url=http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/|accessdate=March 18, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317010741/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archivedate = March 17, 2008}}</ref> The others are [[KOCA-LP]], 93.5 FM, Spanish; [[KCGY]], 95.1 FM, [[Country music|country]]; [[KIMX]], 104.5 FM, [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40 (CHR)]]; [[KRQU]], 98.7 FM, [[classic rock]]; [[KARS-FM|KARS]], 102.9 FM, classic rock; [[KHAT]], 1210 [[Amplitude modulation|AM]], [[sports radio|sports]]; and [[KOWB]], [[1290 AM]], news and [[talk radio|talk]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations Near the City of Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=On The Radio.Net|url=http://www.ontheradio.net/cities/laramie_wy.aspx|accessdate=October 23, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations in Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=Theodric Technologies|url=http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=Laramie&state=WY&x=0&y=0|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
===In popular culture===
''[[The Man from Laramie]]'' was a 1955 western film starring [[James Stewart]]. It was shot in the Bonanza Creek Ranch and other places near [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]].<ref>[http://www.bonanzacreekranch.com/history.html History], Bonanza Creek Ranch</ref>
From 1958 to 1962, Laramie was the setting for [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] TV series ''[[Lawman (TV series)|Lawman]]'', starring [[John Russell (actor)|John Russell]] and [[Peter Brown (actor)|Peter Brown]], and from 1959 to 1963, ''[[Laramie (TV series)|Laramie]]'' was also the name of an [[NBC]] [[Western (genre)|western]] [[television series]], starring [[John Smith (actor)|John Smith]] and [[Robert Fuller (actor)|Robert Fuller]] as ranch partners who operate a stagecoach station {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} east of the city. In July 2017, the 83-year-old Fuller visited the city for the very first time, serving as grandmaster of Laramie's annual Jubilee Days parade and festivities.
Laramie in its early days is also featured in Seasons 4 and 5 of the [[AMC (TV channel)|AMC]] western [[television drama series]] ''[[Hell on Wheels (TV series)|Hell On Wheels]]'', set in California and in Laramie.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wyostatearchives.wordpress.com/2015/07/23/hell-on-wheels-truth-or-fiction-update/ |title=Hell on Wheels: Truth or Fiction |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=July 23, 2015 |website=Wyoming Postscripts |publisher=Wyoming State Archives |access-date=2016-01-04 |quote=''Hell on Wheels'', a television series with the backdrop of the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s..., Season 5, set in California and Laramie, Wyoming, premiered last Saturday.}}</ref>
In addition to ''[[The Laramie Project (film)|The Laramie Project]]'' and the play from which it was adapted, several other [[cultural depictions of Matthew Shepard]] are set in Laramie.
In 2011, German actor and writer [[Joachim Meyerhoff]] wrote his first novel, ''Amerika'', about the year he spent as a student in Laramie. The book was a bestseller in [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndr.de/kultur/buch/tipps/Alle-Toten-fliegen-hoch-Amerika-von-Joachim-Meyerhoff,meyerhoff103.html|date=26 April 2011|language=German|title=''Alle Toten fliegen hoch. Amerika'' von Joachim Meyerhoff|trans-title=All the dead fly up. America|first= Heide|last= Soltau|website=[[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]]|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
==Infrastructure and transportation==
===Major highways===
*{{jct|state=WY|I|80}} East-West Interstate running from California to [[New Jersey]]. Intersects [[US 287]] in Laramie.
*{{jct|state=WY|BL|80}} Alternate Business Route running from [[I-80]] just east of Laramie, concurrent with Grand Avenue, through the city to North 3rd Street, [[US 287]].
*{{jct|state=WY|US|30|name1=[[Lincoln Highway]]}}
*{{jct|state=WY|US|287|name1= Yellowstone Highway}}
*{{jct|state=WY|WY|130|name1= [[Snowy Range Road]]}}
*{{jct|state=WY|WY|230|name1= Meg the Mumbler Road}}
===Airport===
[[SkyWest Airlines]] (United) provides daily commercial flights between [[Laramie Regional Airport]] and Denver, Colorado.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flight Information|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The airport, {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} west of the central business district, is operated and financed by the City of Laramie and Albany County. In addition to commercial flights, the airport serves private and corporate planes and atmospheric research aircraft from the University of Wyoming.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html|accessdate=October 29, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192224/http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate=September 27, 2007}}</ref>
===Ground Transportation===
Laramie has multiple Taxi companies, as well as Uber service, which launched in 2017.
The city is also served by [[Greyhound Lines]], with service to and from Cheyenne and Fort Collins.
Greenride of Northern Colorado provides service from Laramie to Fort Collins and Denver International Airport.
===Utilities===
The city's drinking water comes from the Big Laramie River, the largest single source, and wellfields in the Casper [[Aquifer]], and it is treated in a modern plant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water Sources|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=285|publisher=City of Laramie|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The city's wastewater plant, which replaced an older plant, began operation in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water and Wastewater|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=283|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The Solid Waste Division operates the city-owned landfill, about {{convert|1|mi|km|1}} north of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landfill|publisher=City of Laramie|url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=267|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> Laramie has {{convert|135|mi|km}} of streets and {{convert|31|mi|km}} of alleys.<ref>{{cite web|title=Streets|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=274|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
==Notable people==
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2015}}
Academics and writers who live or have lived in Laramie include poets [[Craig Arnold]] and [[H.L. Hix|H.L. (Harvey) Hix]], archeologists [[George Carr Frison|George Frison]] and [[William Mulloy]], historian [[Grace Raymond Hebard]], and authors [[Brad Watson (writer)|Brad Watson]] and [[Chip Rawlins]]. Attorneys with ties to Laramie include [[Thurman Arnold]], [[Richard Honaker]], [[Gerry Spence]], and [[Tom Lubnau]], who in 2013 became [[Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives]].
Actors [[Jim Beaver]] and [[Wayde Preston]] are from Laramie as are Olympic athlete [[Jesseca Cross]] and professional basketball player [[Jaycee Carroll]]. Broadcaster [[Larry Birleffi]] covered University of Wyoming sports for many years. [[Sheridan Downey|Sheridan H. Downey]], born in Laramie, became a [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] of [[California]].
Other notables with Laramie connections are:
*[[Jillian Balow]], [[Wyoming Department of Education|Wyoming Superintendent of Public Instruction]]
*[[William L. Carlisle]], one of America's last [[train robber]]s, lived in the town
*[[Raymond A. Johnson]], aviation pioneer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wyomingnews.com/articles/2013/09/25/news/01top_09-25-13.txt|title=James Chilton Hall of Fame inductee grew alongside aviation industry, September 26, 2013|publisher=''[[Wyoming Tribune-Eagle]]''|accessdate=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
*[[Timothy Mellon]], chairman and majority owner of Pan Am Systems
*[[Edgar Wilson Nye|Bill Nye]], nineteenth-century humorist, lived in Laramie from 1876-1887 <ref>American National Biography, v.16, p.565: "Nye settled in Laramie (City) where he rose to national fame ...</ref>
*[[Matthew Shepard]], murdered gay University of Wyoming student
*[[Pete Simpson]], university administrator
*[[Teenage Bottlerocket]], punk rock band
*[[Jamila Wideman]] (born 1975), female left-handed point guard basketball player, lawyer and activist
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Emmett D. Chisum, "Boom Towns on the Union Pacific: Laramie, Benton, and Bear River City." ''Annals of Wyoming'' 53#1 (1981): 2-13.
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikivoyage|Laramie}}
*[http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us City of Laramie], official website
*[http://laramie.org/ Laramie Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.legendsofamerica.com/WE-SteveLong.html 1868 Lynching of Steve Long and Moyer brothers, Laramie City, Wyoming], Legends of America
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Laramie |short=x}}
*{{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Wyoming/Localities/L/Laramie}}
{{Albany County, Wyoming}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Laramie, Wyoming| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1868]]
[[Category:Cities in Wyoming]]
[[Category:Cities in Albany County, Wyoming]]
[[Category:County seats in Wyoming]]
[[Category:University towns in the United States]]
[[Category:Micropolitan areas of Wyoming]]
[[Category:1868 establishments in Wyoming Territory]]
[[Category:Railway towns in Wyoming]]
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Laramie, Wyoming
| settlement_type = [[City]]
<!-- Images -->
| image_skyline = Laramie Downtown Historic District.jpg
| image_caption = Downtown Laramie Historic District
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| nickname =
| motto = Gem City of the Plains
<!-- Maps -->
| image_map = File:Albany County Wyoming Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Laramie Highlighted 5645050.svg
| mapsize = 250px
| map_caption = Location of Laramie in Albany County, Wyoming.
<!-- Location -->
| coordinates = {{coord|41|18|40|N|105|35|37|W|region:US-WY|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Wyoming}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Wyoming|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Albany County, Wyoming.gif}} [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
<!-- Government -->
| government_type =
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Andi Summerville
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
| area_total_km2 = 46.00
| area_total_sq_mi = 17.76
| area_land_km2 = 45.95
| area_land_sq_mi = 17.74
| area_water_km2 = 0.05
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.02
| area_water_percent =
| elevation_m = 2184
| elevation_ft = 7165
<!-- Population -->
| population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/>
| population_total = 30816
| population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_est = 32382
| pop_est_as_of = 2016
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban =
| population_metro = 37,956 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2015_PEPANNRES&prodType=table|title=American FactFinder - Results|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|website=Factfinder.census.gov|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
<!-- General information -->
| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = -7
| timezone_DST = [[Mountain Time Zone|MDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -6
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]
| postal_code = 82070-82073
| area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_code = 307 Exchanges:721,742,745,755,766
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 56-45050<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}}</ref>
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 1590526<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/}}
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2016"/>
}}
'''Laramie''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ær|ə|m|i}} is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany County]], [[Wyoming]], United States. The population was 30,816 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Laramie city, Wyoming| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=June 10, 2012}}</ref> Located on the [[Laramie River]] in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]], at the junction of [[Interstate 80]] and [[U.S. Route 287]].
Laramie was settled in the mid-19th century along the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] line, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. It is home to the [[University of Wyoming]], [[WyoTech|Wyoming Technical Institute]], and a branch of [[Laramie County Community College]]. [[Laramie Regional Airport]] serves Laramie. The ruins of [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders]], an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]] and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], the city draws outdoor enthusiasts with its abundance of outdoor activities.
In 2011, Laramie was named as one of the best cities in which to retire by ''[[Money Magazine]]'', which cited its scenic location, low taxes, and educational opportunities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://laramielive.com/money-magazine-recognizes-laramie-as-a-great-place-to-retire/|title=Money Magazine Recognizes Laramie as a Great Place to Retire|website=Laramie Live|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
== History ==
Laramie was named for [[Jacques La Ramee|Jacques LaRamie]], a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the late 1810s and was never heard from again. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area. European-American settlers named a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city for him. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than for any other trapper but [[Jim Bridger]].<ref>Parkin, Patsy, [http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm "Jacques LaRamie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225233349/http://www-wsl.state.wy.us/platte/WTWeb/JacquesLaRamie.htm |date=2010-02-25 }}, 2000. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.</ref> Because the name was used so frequently, the town was called Laramie City for decades to distinguish it from other uses.
The city was founded in the mid-1860s as a tent city near the [[Overland Stage Line]] route, the [[Union Pacific Railroad|Union Pacific]] portion of the [[First Transcontinental Railroad|first transcontinental railroad]], and just north of Fort Sanders army post. The rails reached Laramie on May 4, 1868 when construction crews worked through town. A few passengers arrived on that same day.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=5 May 1868|title=Railroad}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Cheyenne Leader|date=5 May 1868|title=Railroad arrives}}</ref> The first regular passenger service began on May 10, 1868, by which time entrepreneurs were building more permanent structures. Laramie City (as it was known in early years) soon had stores, houses, a school, and churches.<ref name="museum">[http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html "Laramie History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928125311/http://www.laramiemuseum.org/LaramieHistory.html |date=2007-09-28 }} Laramie Plains Museum. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> Laramie's fame as the western terminal of the Union Pacific Railroad, acquired when the {{convert|268|mi|km|adj=on}} section from [[North Platte, Nebraska]] was opened in May ended in early August 1868 when a {{convert|93|mi|km|adj=on}} section of track was opened to Benton, {{convert|6|mi|km}} east of present-day [[Sinclair, Wyoming]].
The frontier town initially suffered from lawlessness. Its first [[mayor]], M. C. Brown, resigned his office on June 12, 1868 after six turbulent weeks, saying that the other officials elected alongside him on May 2 were guilty of "incapacity and laxity" in dealing with the city's problems.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Frontier Index|date=16 June 1868|title=Mayor Resigns}}</ref> This was due to the threat to the community from three half-brothers, early [[Old West]] [[gunfighter|gunman]] [[Steve Long|"Big" Steve Long]], Con Moyer and Ace Moyer. Long was Laramie's first [[marshal]], and with his brothers owned the [[Western saloon|saloon]] ''Bucket of Blood.'' The three began harassing settlers, forcing them to sign over the deeds to their property to them. Any who refused were killed, usually goaded into a gunfight by Long. By October 1868, Long had killed 13 men.
The first Albany County [[sheriff]], rancher [[N. K. Boswell]], organized a "Vigilance Committee" in response. On October 28, 1868, Boswell led the committee into the ''Bucket of Blood,'' overwhelmed the three brothers, and [[lynching|lynched]] them at an unfinished cabin down the street. Through a series of other lynchings and other forms of intimidation, the vigilantes reduced the "unruly element" and established a semblance of law and order.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm "Chapter 3: Coming of Rails"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218075354/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_3.htm |date=2007-12-18 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref>
[[File:University of wyoming 1908 crop.jpg|thumb|left|175px|"Old Main" building at the<br>[[University of Wyoming]]<br>in Laramie - 1908]]
In 1869, Wyoming was organized as [[Wyoming Territory]], the first legislature of which passed a bill granting equal political rights to women in the territory. In March 1870, five Laramie residents became the first women in the world to serve on a jury.<ref>[http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm "Chapter 4: Establishing the Territory and Granting Women Equal Rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219191341/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/RobertsHistory/Readings_chapter_4.htm |date=2007-12-19 }} Roberts, Phil (editor), University of Wyoming History Department, ''Readings in Wyoming History''. Retrieved on August 11, 2007.</ref> As Laramie was the first town in Wyoming to hold a municipal election, on September 6, 1870, a Laramie resident was the first woman in the United States to cast a legal vote in a general election.<ref name="museum" />
Early businesses included rolling mills, a railroad-tie treatment plant, a brick yard, a slaughterhouse, a brewery, a glass manufacturing plant, and a plaster mill, as well as the railroad yards. In 1886, a plant to produce electricity was built.<ref name="museum" /> Several regional railroads were based in Laramie, including the [[Laramie, North Park and Pacific Railroad and Telegraph Company]] founded in 1880 and the [[Laramie, North Park and Western Railroad]] established in 1901.
Governor [[Francis E. Warren]] signed a bill that established the [[University of Wyoming]] (UW) in 1886, the only public university in the state. Laramie was chosen as its site, and UW opened there in 1887. Under the terms of the [[Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act|Morrill Act]], also known as the Land Grant College Act, in 1891 UW added an agricultural college and experiment station to gain benefits as a land grant college.<ref name="factbook">[http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/historyhighlights.asp "Fact Book: Historical Highlights"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809012745/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/historyhighlights.asp |date=2007-08-09 }} University of Wyoming. Retrieved on August 12, 2007.</ref>
===Late 20th century to present===
The city was covered by international media in 1998 after the murder of [[Matthew Shepard]], a gay student at the University of Wyoming. His murder generated an international outcry.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/195158.stm | work=BBC News | title=Americans mourn gay hate-crime victim | date=1998-10-17}}</ref> It became the symbolic focus for a nationwide campaign against gay hate crimes. Federal [[hate crimes]] legislation was signed into law in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/columns/ci_13628360|title=Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act passes Congress, finally|website=Mercurynews.com|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref> As of May 2016, Wyoming does not have a hate crimes law.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hcn.org/issues/48.9/its-still-dangerous-to-be-gay-in-wyoming|title=It’s still dangerous to be gay in Wyoming|access-date=2017-04-15|language=en-us}}</ref> Shepard's murder was the subject of the award-winning play, later adapted as a movie, ''[[The Laramie Project]]''.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/17/arts/17iht-laramie.1.16232258.html Matthew Shepard and Laramie: A crime that lingers], ''[[The New York Times]],'' Retrieved on January 22, 2011.</ref>
In 2004, Laramie became the first city in Wyoming to pass a law to prohibit smoking in enclosed workplaces, including bars, restaurants and private clubs. Opponents of the clean indoor air [[Local ordinance|ordinance]], funded in part by the [[R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company]], immediately petitioned to have the ordinance repealed. However, the voters upheld the ordinance in a citywide [[referendum]] which was conducted concurrently with the 2004 general election. The opponents challenged the validity of the election in court, claiming various irregularities. However, the judge ruled that the opponents had failed to meet their burden of showing significant problems with the election, and the ordinance, which had become effective in April 2005, remained in effect.<ref>[http://www.uwyo.edu/news/showrelease.asp?id=10864 Laramie Smoking Ban Subject of Television Program Tuesday"] University of Wyoming news release, October 16, 2006. Retrieved on August 10, 2007.</ref> In August 2005, Laramie's City Council defeated an attempt to amend the ordinance to allow smoking in bars and private clubs.<br />
{{wide image|WY 1908 St. scene, Laramie.jpg|1000px|alt=Laramie, 1908|Laramie, 1908}}
==Geography and climate==
Laramie is located at {{Coord|41|18|47|N|105|35|14|W|type:city}} (41.312927, −105.587251).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|17.76|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|17.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/699nOulzi?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-07-14 |df= }}</ref>
Laramie is on a high plain between two mountain ranges, the [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy Range]], about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} to the west, and the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie Range]], {{convert|7|mi|km|0}} to the east. The city's elevation above [[sea level]] is about {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}}. The [[Laramie River]] runs through Laramie toward its confluence with the [[North Platte River]] east of the Laramie Range.
The city is about {{convert|50|mi|km|0}} west of [[Cheyenne, Wyoming]], and {{convert|130|mi|km|0}} north of [[Denver|Denver, Colorado]]. Laramie lies along [[U.S. Route 30]], Interstate 80, and U.S. Route 287, and it remains an important junction on the Union Pacific Railroad line.
Laramie's total precipitation averages about {{convert|11|in|mm|0}} a year, and the average number of rainy days per year is about 86. The city experiences a day that is {{convert|90|°F|0}} or warmer 2.2 times a year. The average temperature in December is {{convert|21.1|°F|1}}, and in July it is {{convert|64.0|°F|1}}. Annual snowfall averages {{convert|48|in|cm|0}}. Because of the high elevation, winters are long, and summers are short and relatively cool. The growing season is short, as the average window for freezing temperatures is September 14 through June 6, while for accumulating (≥{{convert|0.1|in|cm|disp=or}}) it is October 5 through May 12.
Laramie has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold Semi-arid climates|BSk]]'') with long, cold, dry winters and short, warm, somewhat wetter summers.
{{Weather box
| location = Laramie, Wyoming (Laramie Regional Airport), 1981–2010 normals|single line = Y
| Jan high F = 33.3
| Feb high F = 35.2
| Mar high F = 43.0
| Apr high F = 51.1
| May high F = 61.5
| Jun high F = 72.5
| Jul high F = 80.1
| Aug high F = 77.9
| Sep high F = 68.6
| Oct high F = 55.7
| Nov high F = 41.3
| Dec high F = 32.2
| year high F = 54.4
| Jan low F = 10.1
| Feb low F = 11.9
| Mar low F = 18.7
| Apr low F = 24.6
| May low F = 33.7
| Jun low F = 41.9
| Jul low F = 48.0
| Aug low F = 46.7
| Sep low F = 37.9
| Oct low F = 28.0
| Nov low F = 17.4
| Dec low F = 10.0
| year low F = 27.4
| Jan record high F = 59
| Feb record high F = 63
| Mar record high F = 71
| Apr record high F = 77
| May record high F = 87
| Jun record high F = 94
| Jul record high F = 94
| Aug record high F = 94
| Sep record high F = 90
| Oct record high F = 79
| Nov record high F = 70
| Dec record high F = 61
| year record high F = 94
| Jan record low F = −50
| Feb record low F = −39
| Mar record low F = −25
| Apr record low F = −14
| May record low F = 5
| Jun record low F = 22
| Jul record low F = 30
| Aug record low F = 28
| Sep record low F = −2
| Oct record low F = −18
| Nov record low F = −26
| Dec record low F = −34
| year record low F = −50
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = .27
| Feb precipitation inch = .34
| Mar precipitation inch = .59
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.08
| May precipitation inch = 1.69
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.53
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.43
| Aug precipitation inch = 1.25
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.11
| Oct precipitation inch = .80
| Nov precipitation inch = .58
| Dec precipitation inch = .37
| Jan snow inch = 7.4
| Feb snow inch = 8.3
| Mar snow inch = 9.3
| Apr snow inch = 9.5
| May snow inch = 3.3
| Jun snow inch = .2
| Jul snow inch = 0
| Aug snow inch = 0
| Sep snow inch = .2
| Oct snow inch = 2.4
| Nov snow inch = 6.7
| Dec snow inch = 6.5
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 4.6
| Feb precipitation days = 5.1
| Mar precipitation days = 6.0
| Apr precipitation days = 7.8
| May precipitation days = 10.5
| Jun precipitation days = 8.5
| Jul precipitation days = 9.2
| Aug precipitation days = 9.8
| Sep precipitation days = 7.1
| Oct precipitation days = 6.4
| Nov precipitation days = 5.7
| Dec precipitation days = 5.2
| year precipitation days = 86.0
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 5.0
| Feb snow days = 5.0
| Mar snow days = 6.0
| Apr snow days = 5.5
| May snow days = 2.3
| Jun snow days = .2
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = .6
| Oct snow days = 2.5
| Nov snow days = 5.4
| Dec snow days = 5.5
| year snow days = 37.9
| source 1 = NOAA (extremes 1948–present)<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cys
|title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|accessdate = 2013-07-01}}</ref>|date=March 2011|year precipitation inch=11.03}}
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 828
|1880= 2696
|1890= 6388
|1900= 8207
|1910= 8237
|1920= 6301
|1930= 8609
|1940= 10627
|1950= 15581
|1960= 17520
|1970= 23143
|1980= 24410
|1990= 26687
|2000= 27204
|2010= 30816
|estyear=2016
|estimate=32382
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}</ref>
|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title = Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns|publisher = Wyoming Department of State / U.S. Census Bureau|url = http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm|accessdate = 2008-06-30 }}</ref><ref>Moffatt, Riley. ''Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990''. [[Lanham, Maryland|Lanham]]: Scarecrow, 1996, 341.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2007-56.csv|title = Subcounty population estimates: Wyoming 2000-2007|format = [[comma-separated values|CSV]]|publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date = March 3, 2009|accessdate = May 8, 2009}}</ref>
}}
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-12-14}}</ref> of 2010, there were 30,816 people, 13,394 households, and 5,843 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1737.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 14,307 housing units at an average density of {{convert|806.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 9.2% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race, 3.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.8% from two or more races, 2.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], 1.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.07% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]].
There were 13,394 households of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.4% were non-families. 36.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.85.
The median age in the city was 25.4 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 32.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.5% were from 25 to 44; 17.4% were from 45 to 64; and 7.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.0% male and 48.0% female.
===2000 census===
As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 27,204 people, 11,336 households, and 5,611 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,442.5 people per square mile (942.9/km²). There were 11,994 housing units at an average density of 1,076.9 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.81% White, 1.24% African American, 0.89% Native American, 1.92% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.89% from other races, and 2.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.94% of the population.
There were 11,336 households out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.3% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.5% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the city, the population was spread out with 17.5% under the age of 18, 31.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $27,319, and the median income for a family was $43,395. Males had a median income of $30,888 versus $22,009 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,036. About 11.1% of families and 22.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.
==Arts and culture==
===Annual cultural events===
Laramie Jubilee Days started in 1940 to celebrate Wyoming Statehood Day on July 10. Since then, Jubilee Days has expanded to include several days around the [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]]. Events typically include food, live music, games, [[funfair|carnival]] rides, a street [[fair]], a parade, a softball tournament, and [[rodeo]] events.<ref>{{cite web | title = Laramie Jubilee Days | publisher = Laramie Jubilee Days | url = http://www.laramiejubileedays.com/ | year=2012|accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref>
===Museums and concert halls===
The Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming is open to the public and houses more than 50,000 catalogued mineral, rock, and fossil specimens, including a dinosaur exhibit.<ref>{{cite web | title = Geological Museum | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/geomuseum/ | accessdate = 2007-10-23 }}</ref> The university's art museum offers gallery exhibits, lectures, workshops, classes, and public tours year-round.<ref>{{cite web | title = Art Museum: General Information | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | accessdate = 2007-10-23 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024014630/http://uwyo.edu/artmuseum/generalinfo.asp | archivedate = 2007-10-24 | df = }}</ref> The Fine Arts Concert Hall on campus presents frequent concerts and recitals during the school year.<ref>{{cite web | title = Concerts, Events, Recitals | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | accessdate = 2007-10-27 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216001446/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/music/events.asp | archivedate = 2007-12-16 | df = }}</ref> Housed in the Ivinson Mansion near the center of town is the Laramie Plains Museum.<ref>{{cite web | title = Historic Ivinson Mansion | publisher = The Laramie Plains Museum | url = http://www.laramiemuseum.org/index.html | accessdate = 2007-10-23}}</ref> The Wyoming Children's Museum and Nature Center has interactive exhibits and pottery classes for children aged 3 and older.<ref>{{cite web | title = Wyoming Children's Museum & Nature Center | publisher = Wyoming State Historical Society | url = http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm | accessdate = 2007-10-23 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014103507/http://wyshs.org/mus-wychildrens.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-10-14}}</ref> In 2012, the [[Wyoming House for Historic Women]] was opened in downtown Laramie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/wyoming-house-for-historic-women-opens-in-laramie|title=Wyoming House for Historic Women opens in Laramie|last=|first=|date=2012-06-12|work=Washington Examiner|access-date=2018-08-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurabegleybloom/2018/03/19/top-womens-history-landmark-in-every-state/|title=A State-By-State Guide To The Top Women's History Landmarks In America|last=Bloom|first=Laura Begley|date=2018-03-19|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-08-22|language=en}}</ref>
===Libraries===
The central library of the Albany County Library system, with a wide range of materials for adults and children, is near downtown Laramie; the system's branch libraries are in [[Centennial, Wyoming|Centennial]], {{convert|28|mi|km|0}} west of Laramie and [[Rock River, Wyoming|Rock River]], {{convert|32|mi|km|0}} northwest of Laramie.<ref>{{cite web | title = Albany County Public Library | publisher = Albany County Public Library | url = http://acpl.lib.wy.us/ | accessdate = 2007-10-24}}</ref> [[William Robertson Coe]] Library, the main library of the University of Wyoming, has materials for general research in business, education, fine arts, science, humanities, and the social sciences as well as audio visual and government documents collections. The Brinkerhoff Geology Library specializes in geology, geophysics, physical geography, mining and petroleum geology, and geological engineering. Also at the university are the George W. Hooper Law Library, the Library Annex, a high-density storage facility located in the basement of the UW Science Complex, the Rocky Mountain Herbarium Library, a learning resources center with materials for teachers and children, and an archives, rare book, and manuscript repository known as the American Heritage Center.<ref>{{cite web | title = Libraries at UW | publisher = The University of Wyoming | url = http://www-lib.uwyo.edu/about/branches/index.cfm | accessdate = 2008-03-12}}</ref>
===National Register sites===
[[File:WY 07-05-2008 12;17;17PM.JPG|right|thumb|Marshal's carriage at Wyoming Territorial Prison]]
Twenty-one sites in Laramie, including the [[Wyoming Territorial Prison State Historic Site|Wyoming Territorial Penitentiary]], are included on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] (NRHP). The prison site includes buildings and other exhibits from a frontier community of the late 19th century. The other sites are the [[Downtown Laramie Historic District]], the [[Ivinson Mansion and Grounds]], [[Old Main (University of Wyoming)|Old Main]] on the University of Wyoming campus, the [[Barn at Oxford Horse Ranch]], [[Bath Ranch]], [[Bath Row]], [[Charles E. Blair House]], [[John D. Conley House]], [[Cooper Mansion]], [[East Side School (Laramie, Wyoming)|East Side School]], [[Fort Sanders (Wyoming)|Fort Sanders Guardhouse]], [[William Goodale House]], [[Lehman-Tunnell Mansion]], [[Lincoln School (Laramie, Wyoming)|Lincoln School]], [[Richardson's Overland Trail Ranch]], [[St. Matthew's Cathedral Close]], [[St. Paul's United Church of Christ of Laramie|St. Paulus Kirche]], [[Snow Train Rolling Stock]], [[Union Pacific Athletic Club]], and the [[Vee Bar Ranch Lodge]].<ref name="register">{{cite web | title = National Register of Historic Places: State listings: Wyoming: Albany County | publisher = National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior | url = http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/wy/Albany/state.html| accessdate = 2008-02-11 }}</ref>
Two other Albany County sites near Laramie are on the NRHP. About {{convert|20|mi|km|0}} east of the city is the [[Ames Monument]], a large granite pyramid dedicated to brothers [[Oakes Ames]], a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from [[Massachusetts]], and [[Oliver Ames, Jr.]], who were influential in building the Union Pacific portion of the [[First Transcontinental Railroad]]. Oakes Ames was also implicated in the [[Crédit Mobilier of America scandal|Credit Mobilier scandal]] and censured by the U.S. House. The other site is [[Como Bluff]], a long ridge extending east–west between Rock River and [[Medicine Bow, Wyoming|Medicine Bow]]. Geologic formations in the ridge contain fossils, including dinosaurs, from the [[Late Jurassic]].<ref name="register" />
==Sports==
===College===
The University of Wyoming [[Wyoming Cowboys|Cowboys]] compete at the [[NCAA Division I]] level (FBS-Football Bowl Subdivision for football) as a member of the [[Mountain West Conference]]. UW offers 17 NCAA-sanctioned sports teams – nine women’s sports and eight men’s sports. Wyoming’s nine NCAA sports for women include basketball; cross country; golf; soccer; swimming and diving; tennis; indoor track & field; outdoor track and field; and volleyball. UW’s eight NCAA sports for men include basketball; cross country; football; golf; swimming and diving; indoor track and field; outdoor track and field; and wrestling.
===Outdoor===
Sports enthusiasts find much to do in and near Laramie, nestled at {{convert|7165|ft|m|0}} above sea level between the Laramie Range (Laramie Mountains) and the Snowy Range (Medicine Bow Mountains). Popular activities include skiing, [[Snowmobile|snowmobiling]], [[Mountain bike|mountain biking]], [[hunting]],hunting, fishing, and hiking.
Rock climbing, hiking, and camping are among the attractions of [[Vedauwoo]], an assemblage of weathered granite slabs, boulders, and cliffs covering {{convert|10|sqmi|km2}} in the [[Medicine Bow – Routt National Forest]], about {{convert|16|mi|km|0}} east of Laramie off Interstate 80.<ref>{{cite web | title = Vedauwoo Campground | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/camping/laramie/vedauwoo.shtml | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
Volunteers from the Medicine Bow Nordic Association, in cooperation with the [[United States Forest Service|Forest Service]], maintain groomed [[Cross-country skiing|cross-country ski]] trails in a sector of the Laramie Range about {{convert|10|mi|km|0}} east of the city.<ref>{{cite web | title = Medicine Bow Nordic Association | publisher = Medicine Bow Nordic Association | url = http://www.medbownordic.org/ | accessdate=2007-10-27 }}</ref> To the west, Snowy Range cross-country trails run through the national forest west of Centennial, and other trails follow gentle terrain {{convert|32|mi|km|0}} southwest of Laramie near [[Woods Landing-Jelm, Wyoming|Woods Landing]]. Miles of snowmobile trails wind through the forests, and many forest areas are open to travel by [[snowshoe]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Winter Activities | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/winteractivities/index2005.shtml | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
The Snowy Range Ski Area, about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} west of Laramie off Wyoming Highway 130, offers [[Downhill (ski competition)|downhill skiing]] and [[snowboarding]] on 27 trails ranging in difficulty from beginner to expert.<ref>{{cite web | title = The Mountain | publisher = Snowy Range Ski Area | url = http://www.snowyrange.com/page4.html | accessdate=2007-10-28 }}</ref>
Laramie is a center for mountain biking. Mountain bike trails meander through forests in the Laramie Range and the Snowy Range. The Medicine Bow Mountain Bike Patrol, part of the Laramie Bicycling Network, is a non-profit volunteer organization that works with the Forest Service to patrol and maintain biking trails east of Laramie. The Medicine Bow Rail–Trail is a mountain bike trail, {{convert|21|mi|km|0}} long, built between 2005 and 2007 on the bed of an abandoned railroad southwest of Laramie. It starts near the town of Albany and Lake Owen and extends south to the town of Mountain Home near the Wyoming–Colorado border. The Laramie Enduro 111K, an endurance mountain bike race of {{convert|111|km|mi|0}} is held annually on Laramie Range trails.<ref>{{cite web | title = Medicine Bow Mountain Bike Patrol | publisher = Cycle Wyoming | url = http://www.cyclewyoming.org/index.htm | accessdate = 2007-10-28 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024114102/http://cyclewyoming.org/index.htm | archivedate = 2007-10-24 | df = }}</ref>
Other annual events include the Poker Run recreational ski race held in the Snowy Mountains each February, and the Tour De Laramie, a bicycle rally with stops at local pubs held in May. The [[Wyoming Marathon Races]], a series of running and ultra-running events held in [[Medicine Bow National Forest]], are held annually each [[Memorial Day]] weekend.
Trout fishing is another popular sport in and near Laramie. The Laramie River, which flows north into Wyoming from Colorado, is fished as are the smaller streams in both mountain ranges and the many small plains lakes in the Laramie Basin.<ref>{{cite web |first = K | last = Kristopherson | title = Laramie River from Colorado into Wyoming | publisher = Wyoming Fishing Net | url = http://www.wyomingfishing.net/ft_lar.htm | accessdate=2007-10-28 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070702111224/http://www.wyomingfishing.net/ft_lar.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-07-02}}</ref>
Other outdoor activities popular near Laramie include camping, picnicking, rafting on the Laramie River and the North Platte River, viewing of wildlife such as mule deer, elk, moose, and pronghorn, and general sightseeing. For {{convert|27|mi|km|0}} of its length as it crosses the Snowy Range, the Highway 130 corridor has been designated a [[National Forest Scenic Byway]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Recreation | publisher = U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service | url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/mbr/recreation/| accessdate=October 28, 2007 }}</ref>
==Parks and recreation==
Laramie has 14 city parks that, among them, include playgrounds, seasonal wading pools, jogging and biking paths, baseball and softball fields, basketball hoops, a [[skateboard]] park, [[horseshoe]] pits, tennis courts, [[volleyball]] courts, a [[physical fitness|fitness]] circuit court, [[Football (soccer)|soccer]] fields, picnic tables, river fishing, and a seasonally stocked fishing pond.<ref>{{cite web | title = City Parks | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/parks/Parkslisting.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080101011721/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/parks/Parkslisting.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2008-01-01}}</ref> In addition to a public country club and golf course, Laramie residents also have access to the University of Wyoming's 18-hole golf course,<ref>{{cite web | title = Glenn "Red" Jacoby Golf Course | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://www.jacobygc.com/ | accessdate = 2007-10-29}}</ref> and to a wide variety of university recreation sites including [[Squash (sport)|squash]] courts, [[American handball|handball]] courts, baseball and softball diamonds, basketball courts, a [[climbing wall]], and fields for football, soccer, and track.<ref>{{cite web | title = Campus Recreation | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/Rec/campusrecreation/main/reserve_facilities.asp#reserve_who | accessdate = 2007-10-29 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071231163433/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/Rec/campusrecreation/main/reserve_facilities.asp#reserve_who | archivedate = 2007-12-31 | df = }}</ref>
The Community Recreation Center has an outdoor swimming pool, an indoor pool, an eight-lane lap pool, [[water slide]]s, a full-court gymnasium, cardio equipment, circuit [[Weight training#Equipment|weights]], and an indoor playground, and it offers programs in adult fitness, youth volleyball, junior basketball, and aquatics.<ref>{{cite web | title = Recreation Center | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/reccenter/index.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070819140637/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/reccenter/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-08-19}}</ref> The Community Ice Arena is open for ice skating, skating lessons, [[hockey]], synchronized skating, adult co-ed [[broomball]], and other ice-related activities from October through mid-March. A children's hockey club, a figure skating club, university hockey teams, and adult non-[[Checking (ice hockey)|check]] hockey teams as well as the general public use the ice arena.<ref>{{cite web | title = Laramie Community Ice Arena | publisher = City of Laramie | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/icerink/index.html | accessdate=2007-10-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070819140441/http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/recreation/icerink/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-08-19}}</ref>
==Environmental problems==
According to a 2012 report by the [[Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality]] (DEQ), a former industrial site for the production of aluminum, arsenic acid, strategic metals and cement now owned by L.C. Holdings, {{convert|2|mi|km}} south of Laramie had [[arsenic]] concentrations in on-site water well samples 3,100-times higher than DEQ cleanup levels.<ref name=LB>{{cite news|author1=CHILTON TIPPIN|title=DEQ overseeing cleanup of site south of Laramie|url=http://www.laramieboomerang.com/articles/2014/04/12/news/doc5348beb345870676992229.txt|accessdate=27 August 2014|work=Laramie Boomerang|publisher=Cheyenne Newspapers Inc|date=April 12, 2014}}</ref> The site has been storing a 1,000-ton pile of contaminated flue dust from [[Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex]], an Idaho [[superfund site]], under a tarp since the 1980s.<ref name=LB/> In 2011 L.C. Holdings entered the DEQ's "Voluntary Remediation Program".
==Government and laws==
[[File:Laramie City Hall.jpg|thumb|right|Laramie City Hall]]
Laramie has a [[Council-manager government|council-manager]] form of government. The council, the city's legislative body, consists of nine members who serve overlapping four-year terms. The council members set policy, approve budgets, pass ordinances, appoint citizen volunteers to advisory boards, and oversee the city staff.<ref name="city council" /> Two members of the council hold at-large seats, and seven are elected from city wards, one per ward. The council picks a mayor and vice-mayor once every two years at the first council meeting in January.<ref name="city council">{{cite web | title=City Council | url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/cityhall/council/index.html | publisher = City of Laramie | accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref> Laramie is the county seat of Albany County and houses county offices, courts,<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> and the county library.
In 2015, Laramie passed an LGBT anti-discrimination bill.<ref name="npr.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/11/02/453954078/patchwork-of-protection-in-rural-areas-for-lgbt-community-has-limits|title='Patchwork Of Protection' In Rural Areas For LGBT Community Has Limits|website=Npr.org|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref> The ordinance bans discrimination against LGBT people in employment, housing and public accommodations such as bars and restaurants.<ref name="npr.org"/>
==Education==
[[Albany County School District Number 1|Albany County School District#1]], headquartered in Laramie, governs 19 public schools in an area of {{convert|4000|sqmi|km2}} including Laramie, Centennial, Rock River, and rural locations. A total of about 4,000 students attend these schools, the Laramie fraction of which includes seven elementary schools, one middle school, [[Laramie High School (Wyoming)|Laramie High School]], and Whiting High School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|title=Albany County School District One Strategic Plan 2017-2022|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Albany County School District One|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117190800/https://www.acsd1.org/acsd/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Strategic-Plan-ACSD1-November-8-2017.pdf|archive-date=2018-01-17|dead-url=yes|accessdate=2018-01-17}}</ref> Snowy Range Academy, a charter school, serves children in grades [[kindergarten|K]]–7,<ref>{{cite web | title = Snowy Range Academy | publisher = Great Schools, Inc. | url=http://www.greatschools.net/modperl/browse_school/wy/453 | accessdate = 2008-02-11 }}</ref> and formerly St. Laurence, a Catholic school, served children in grades K–6 but closed in 2016.<ref>{{cite web | title = Welcome to St. Laurence School | publisher = St. Laurence School | url = http://www.stlos.com/ | accessdate = 2007-10-25 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009030849/http://www.stlos.com/ | archivedate = 2007-10-09 | df = }}</ref> The University of Wyoming also offers a Lab School (colloquially referred to as "Prep") for K–9 students.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.acsd1.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=136&Itemid=231 | title = University Lab School | accessdate = 2012-05-17}}</ref>
The main campus of the [[University of Wyoming]] is in Laramie. In 2009, about 13,400 students were enrolled there at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels.<ref>{{cite web | title = Fact Book | publisher = University of Wyoming | url = http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | accessdate = 2007-10-27 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071009160744/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/uw/facts/studentprofile.asp#Class | archivedate = 2007-10-09 | df = }}</ref> The [[Laramie County Community College]] is also in Laramie.
The [[Wyoming Technical Institute (WyoTech)|WyoTech]] campus offers 9-month courses in Automotive Technology, Collision & Refinishing Technology, and Diesel Technology, as well as a variety of specialized industry programs—including High-Performance Power Trains, Street Rod, Trim and Upholstery, Chassis Fabrication, and Applied Service Management.
==Media==
The ''[[Laramie Boomerang]]'' is Laramie's main newspaper. The ''Branding Iron'' is a student-run newspaper at the University of Wyoming. [[Wyoming PBS|Wyoming Public Television]] station [[KCWC-DT]], licensed to [[Central Wyoming College]] in [[Riverton, Wyoming|Riverton]], has a transmitter near Laramie known as KWYP-DT.<ref>{{cite web | title = About Wyoming Public Television | publisher = Wyoming Public Television | url = http://www.wyoptv.org/about/ | accessdate = 2007-10-23 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071021134227/http://wyoptv.org/about/ | archivedate = 2007-10-21 | df = }}</ref>
Many radio stations broadcast from Laramie. Three are [[Wyoming Public Radio]] stations: [[KUWR]], 91.9 [[Frequency modulation|FM]]; [[KUWY]], 88.5 FM, classical, and [[KUWL]], 90.1 FM, jazz.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wyoming Public Radio|website=WPR.org|url=http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/|accessdate=March 18, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317010741/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/WPR/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archivedate = March 17, 2008}}</ref> The others are [[KOCA-LP]], 93.5 FM, Spanish; [[KCGY]], 95.1 FM, [[Country music|country]]; [[KIMX]], 104.5 FM, [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40 (CHR)]]; [[KRQU]], 98.7 FM, [[classic rock]]; [[KARS-FM|KARS]], 102.9 FM, classic rock; [[KHAT]], 1210 [[Amplitude modulation|AM]], [[sports radio|sports]]; and [[KOWB]], [[1290 AM]], news and [[talk radio|talk]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations Near the City of Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=On The Radio.Net|url=http://www.ontheradio.net/cities/laramie_wy.aspx|accessdate=October 23, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Radio Stations in Laramie, Wyoming|publisher=Theodric Technologies|url=http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=Laramie&state=WY&x=0&y=0|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
===In popular culture===
''[[The Man from Laramie]]'' was a 1955 western film starring [[James Stewart]]. It was shot in the Bonanza Creek Ranch and other places near [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]].<ref>[http://www.bonanzacreekranch.com/history.html History], Bonanza Creek Ranch</ref>
From 1958 to 1962, Laramie was the setting for [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] TV series ''[[Lawman (TV series)|Lawman]]'', starring [[John Russell (actor)|John Russell]] and [[Peter Brown (actor)|Peter Brown]], and from 1959 to 1963, ''[[Laramie (TV series)|Laramie]]'' was also the name of an [[NBC]] [[Western (genre)|western]] [[television series]], starring [[John Smith (actor)|John Smith]] and [[Robert Fuller (actor)|Robert Fuller]] as ranch partners who operate a stagecoach station {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} east of the city. In July 2017, the 83-year-old Fuller visited the city for the very first time, serving as grandmaster of Laramie's annual Jubilee Days parade and festivities.
Laramie in its early days is also featured in Seasons 4 and 5 of the [[AMC (TV channel)|AMC]] western [[television drama series]] ''[[Hell on Wheels (TV series)|Hell On Wheels]]'', set in California and in Laramie.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wyostatearchives.wordpress.com/2015/07/23/hell-on-wheels-truth-or-fiction-update/ |title=Hell on Wheels: Truth or Fiction |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=July 23, 2015 |website=Wyoming Postscripts |publisher=Wyoming State Archives |access-date=2016-01-04 |quote=''Hell on Wheels'', a television series with the backdrop of the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s..., Season 5, set in California and Laramie, Wyoming, premiered last Saturday.}}</ref>
In addition to ''[[The Laramie Project (film)|The Laramie Project]]'' and the play from which it was adapted, several other [[cultural depictions of Matthew Shepard]] are set in Laramie.
In 2011, German actor and writer [[Joachim Meyerhoff]] wrote his first novel, ''Amerika'', about the year he spent as a student in Laramie. The book was a bestseller in [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndr.de/kultur/buch/tipps/Alle-Toten-fliegen-hoch-Amerika-von-Joachim-Meyerhoff,meyerhoff103.html|date=26 April 2011|language=German|title=''Alle Toten fliegen hoch. Amerika'' von Joachim Meyerhoff|trans-title=All the dead fly up. America|first= Heide|last= Soltau|website=[[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]]|accessdate=9 January 2018}}</ref>
==Infrastructure and transportation==
===Major highways===
*{{jct|state=WY|I|80}} East-West Interstate running from California to [[New Jersey]]. Intersects [[US 287]] in Laramie.
*{{jct|state=WY|BL|80}} Alternate Business Route running from [[I-80]] just east of Laramie, concurrent with Grand Avenue, through the city to North 3rd Street, [[US 287]].
*{{jct|state=WY|US|30|name1=[[Lincoln Highway]]}}
*{{jct|state=WY|US|287|name1= Yellowstone Highway}}
*{{jct|state=WY|WY|130|name1= [[Snowy Range Road]]}}
*{{jct|state=WY|WY|230|name1= Meg the Mumbler Road}}
===Airport===
[[SkyWest Airlines]] (United) provides daily commercial flights between [[Laramie Regional Airport]] and Denver, Colorado.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flight Information|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/flightInformation.html|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The airport, {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} west of the central business district, is operated and financed by the City of Laramie and Albany County. In addition to commercial flights, the airport serves private and corporate planes and atmospheric research aircraft from the University of Wyoming.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|publisher=Laramie Regional Airport|url=http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html|accessdate=October 29, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192224/http://www.laramieairport.com/About.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate=September 27, 2007}}</ref>
===Ground Transportation===
Laramie has multiple Taxi companies, as well as Uber service, which launched in 2017.
The city is also served by [[Greyhound Lines]], with service to and from Cheyenne and Fort Collins.
Greenride of Northern Colorado provides service from Laramie to Fort Collins and Denver International Airport.
===Utilities===
The city's drinking water comes from the Big Laramie River, the largest single source, and wellfields in the Casper [[Aquifer]], and it is treated in a modern plant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water Sources|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=285|publisher=City of Laramie|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The city's wastewater plant, which replaced an older plant, began operation in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water and Wastewater|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=283|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> The Solid Waste Division operates the city-owned landfill, about {{convert|1|mi|km|1}} north of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landfill|publisher=City of Laramie|url = http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=267|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref> Laramie has {{convert|135|mi|km}} of streets and {{convert|31|mi|km}} of alleys.<ref>{{cite web|title=Streets|publisher=City of Laramie|url=http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=274|accessdate=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
==Notable people==
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2015}}
Academics and writers who live or have lived in Laramie include poets [[Craig Arnold]] and [[H.L. Hix|H.L. (Harvey) Hix]], archeologists [[George Carr Frison|George Frison]] and [[William Mulloy]], historian [[Grace Raymond Hebard]], and authors [[Brad Watson (writer)|Brad Watson]] and [[Chip Rawlins]]. Attorneys with ties to Laramie include [[Thurman Arnold]], [[Richard Honaker]], [[Gerry Spence]], and [[Tom Lubnau]], who in 2013 became [[Speaker of the Wyoming House of Representatives]].
Actors [[Jim Beaver]] and [[Wayde Preston]] are from Laramie as are Olympic athlete [[Jesseca Cross]] and professional basketball player [[Jaycee Carroll]]. Broadcaster [[Larry Birleffi]] covered University of Wyoming sports for many years. [[Sheridan Downey|Sheridan H. Downey]], born in Laramie, became a [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] of [[California]].
Other notables with Laramie connections are:
*[[Jillian Balow]], [[Wyoming Department of Education|Wyoming Superintendent of Public Instruction]]
*[[William L. Carlisle]], one of America's last [[train robber]]s, lived in the town
*[[Raymond A. Johnson]], aviation pioneer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wyomingnews.com/articles/2013/09/25/news/01top_09-25-13.txt|title=James Chilton Hall of Fame inductee grew alongside aviation industry, September 26, 2013|publisher=''[[Wyoming Tribune-Eagle]]''|accessdate=September 26, 2013}}</ref>
*[[Timothy Mellon]], chairman and majority owner of Pan Am Systems
*[[Edgar Wilson Nye|Bill Nye]], nineteenth-century humorist, lived in Laramie from 1876-1887 <ref>American National Biography, v.16, p.565: "Nye settled in Laramie (City) where he rose to national fame ...</ref>
*[[Matthew Shepard]], murdered gay University of Wyoming student
*[[Pete Simpson]], university administrator
*[[Teenage Bottlerocket]], punk rock band
*[[Jamila Wideman]] (born 1975), female left-handed point guard basketball player, lawyer and activist
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Emmett D. Chisum, "Boom Towns on the Union Pacific: Laramie, Benton, and Bear River City." ''Annals of Wyoming'' 53#1 (1981): 2-13.
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikivoyage|Laramie}}
*[http://www.ci.laramie.wy.us City of Laramie], official website
*[http://laramie.org/ Laramie Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.legendsofamerica.com/WE-SteveLong.html 1868 Lynching of Steve Long and Moyer brothers, Laramie City, Wyoming], Legends of America
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Laramie |short=x}}
*{{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Wyoming/Localities/L/Laramie}}
{{Albany County, Wyoming}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Laramie, Wyoming| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1868]]
[[Category:Cities in Wyoming]]
[[Category:Cities in Albany County, Wyoming]]
[[Category:County seats in Wyoming]]
[[Category:University towns in the United States]]
[[Category:Micropolitan areas of Wyoming]]
[[Category:1868 establishments in Wyoming Territory]]
[[Category:Railway towns in Wyoming]]
